path: root/test/ardmake/hardware/bootloaders/lilypad/src/ATmegaBOOT.c

/**********************************************************/
/* Serial Bootloader for Atmel megaAVR Controllers        */
/*                                                        */
/* tested with ATmega8, ATmega128 and ATmega168           */
/* should work with other mega's, see code for details    */
/*                                                        */
/* ATmegaBOOT.c                                           */
/*                                                        */
/* 20070626: hacked for Arduino Diecimila (which auto-    */
/*           resets when a USB connection is made to it)  */
/*           by D. Mellis                                 */
/* 20060802: hacked for Arduino by D. Cuartielles         */
/*           based on a previous hack by D. Mellis        */
/*           and D. Cuartielles                           */
/*                                                        */
/* Monitor and debug functions were added to the original */
/* code by Dr. Erik Lins, chip45.com. (See below)         */
/*                                                        */
/* Thanks to Karl Pitrich for fixing a bootloader pin     */
/* problem and more informative LED blinking!             */
/*                                                        */
/* For the latest version see:                            */
/* http://www.chip45.com/                                 */
/*                                                        */
/* ------------------------------------------------------ */
/*                                                        */
/* based on stk500boot.c                                  */
/* Copyright (c) 2003, Jason P. Kyle                      */
/* All rights reserved.                                   */
/* see avr1.org for original file and information         */
/*                                                        */
/* This program is free software; you can redistribute it */
/* and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General    */
/* Public License as published by the Free Software       */
/* Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or        */
/* (at your option) any later version.                    */
/*                                                        */
/* This program is distributed in the hope that it will   */
/* be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the  */
/* implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A   */
/* PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public        */
/* License for more details.                              */
/*                                                        */
/* You should have received a copy of the GNU General     */
/* Public License along with this program; if not, write  */
/* to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,                 */
/* 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA */
/*                                                        */
/* Licence can be viewed at                               */
/* http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt                    */
/*                                                        */
/* Target = Atmel AVR m128,m64,m32,m16,m8,m162,m163,m169, */
/* m8515,m8535. ATmega161 has a very small boot block so  */
/* isn't supported.                                       */
/*                                                        */
/* Tested with m168                                       */
/**********************************************************/

/* $Id$ */


/* some includes */
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
#include <avr/wdt.h>


/* the current avr-libc eeprom functions do not support the ATmega168 */
/* own eeprom write/read functions are used instead */
#ifndef __AVR_ATmega168__
#include <avr/eeprom.h>
#endif

/* Use the F_CPU defined in Makefile */

/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp */
/* 20070626: hacked by David A. Mellis to decrease waiting time for auto-reset */
/* set the waiting time for the bootloader */
/* get this from the Makefile instead */
/* #define MAX_TIME_COUNT (F_CPU>>4) */

/* 20070707: hacked by David A. Mellis - after this many errors give up and launch application */
#define MAX_ERROR_COUNT 5

/* set the UART baud rate */
/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp */
//#define BAUD_RATE   115200
#define BAUD_RATE   19200


/* SW_MAJOR and MINOR needs to be updated from time to time to avoid warning message from AVR Studio */
/* never allow AVR Studio to do an update !!!! */
#define HW_VER	 0x02
#define SW_MAJOR 0x01
#define SW_MINOR 0x10


/* Adjust to suit whatever pin your hardware uses to enter the bootloader */
/* ATmega128 has two UARTS so two pins are used to enter bootloader and select UART */
/* BL0... means UART0, BL1... means UART1 */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
#define BL_DDR  DDRF
#define BL_PORT PORTF
#define BL_PIN  PINF
#define BL0     PINF7
#define BL1     PINF6
#else
/* other ATmegas have only one UART, so only one pin is defined to enter bootloader */
#define BL_DDR  DDRD
#define BL_PORT PORTD
#define BL_PIN  PIND
#define BL      PIND6
#endif


/* onboard LED is used to indicate, that the bootloader was entered (3x flashing) */
/* if monitor functions are included, LED goes on after monitor was entered */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB7 (e.g. Crumb128, PROBOmega128, Savvy128) */
#define LED_DDR  DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN  PINB
#define LED      PINB7
#else
/* Onboard LED is connected to pin PB2 (e.g. Crumb8, Crumb168) */
#define LED_DDR  DDRB
#define LED_PORT PORTB
#define LED_PIN  PINB
/* 20060803: hacked by DojoCorp, LED pin is B5 in Arduino */
/* #define LED      PINB2 */
#define LED      PINB5
#endif


/* monitor functions will only be compiled when using ATmega128, due to bootblock size constraints */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
#define MONITOR
#endif


/* define various device id's */
/* manufacturer byte is always the same */
#define SIG1	0x1E	// Yep, Atmel is the only manufacturer of AVR micros.  Single source :(

#if defined __AVR_ATmega128__
#define SIG2	0x97
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x80U	//128 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega64__
#define SIG2	0x96
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x80U	//128 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega32__
#define SIG2	0x95
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega16__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x03
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x07
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega88__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x0a
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x06
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega162__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x04
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega163__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x02
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega169__
#define SIG2	0x94
#define SIG3	0x05
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x40U	//64 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8515__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x06
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words

#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8535__
#define SIG2	0x93
#define SIG3	0x08
#define PAGE_SIZE	0x20U	//32 words
#endif


/* function prototypes */
void putch(char);
char getch(void);
void getNch(uint8_t);
void byte_response(uint8_t);
void nothing_response(void);
char gethex(void);
void puthex(char);
void flash_led(uint8_t);

/* some variables */
union address_union {
    uint16_t word;
    uint8_t  byte[2];
} address;

union length_union {
    uint16_t word;
    uint8_t  byte[2];
} length;

struct flags_struct {
    unsigned eeprom : 1;
    unsigned rampz  : 1;
} flags;

uint8_t buff[256];
uint8_t address_high;

uint8_t pagesz=0x80;

uint8_t i;
uint8_t bootuart = 0;

uint8_t error_count = 0;

void (*app_start)(void) = 0x0000;


/* main program starts here */
int main(void)
{
    uint8_t ch,ch2;
    uint16_t w;

    asm volatile("nop\n\t");

    /* set pin direction for bootloader pin and enable pullup */
    /* for ATmega128, two pins need to be initialized */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
    BL_DDR &= ~_BV(BL0);
    BL_DDR &= ~_BV(BL1);
    BL_PORT |= _BV(BL0);
    BL_PORT |= _BV(BL1);
#else
    /* We run the bootloader regardless of the state of this pin.  Thus, don't
    put it in a different state than the other pins.  --DAM, 070709
    BL_DDR &= ~_BV(BL);
    BL_PORT |= _BV(BL);
    */
#endif


#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
    /* check which UART should be used for booting */
    if(bit_is_clear(BL_PIN, BL0)) {
      bootuart = 1;
    }
    else if(bit_is_clear(BL_PIN, BL1)) {
      bootuart = 2;
    }
#endif

    /* check if flash is programmed already, if not start bootloader anyway */
    if(pgm_read_byte_near(0x0000) != 0xFF) {

#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
	/* no UART was selected, start application */
	if(!bootuart) {
          app_start();
	}
#else
	/* check if bootloader pin is set low */
	/* we don't start this part neither for the m8, nor m168 */
	//if(bit_is_set(BL_PIN, BL)) {
    //      app_start();
    //    }
#endif
    }

#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__    
    /* no bootuart was selected, default to uart 0 */
    if(!bootuart) {
      bootuart = 1;
    }
#endif


    /* initialize UART(s) depending on CPU defined */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
    if(bootuart == 1) {
	UBRR0L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
	UBRR0H = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
	UCSR0A = 0x00;
	UCSR0C = 0x06;
	UCSR0B = _BV(TXEN0)|_BV(RXEN0);
    }
    if(bootuart == 2) {
	UBRR1L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
	UBRR1H = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
	UCSR1A = 0x00;
	UCSR1C = 0x06;
	UCSR1B = _BV(TXEN1)|_BV(RXEN1);
    }
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega163__
    UBRR = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
    UBRRHI = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
    UCSRA = 0x00;
    UCSRB = _BV(TXEN)|_BV(RXEN);	
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
    UBRR0L = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
    UBRR0H = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
    UCSR0B = (1<<RXEN0) | (1<<TXEN0);
    UCSR0C = (1<<UCSZ00) | (1<<UCSZ01);

    /* Enable internal pull-up resistor on pin D0 (RX), in order
    to supress line noise that prevents the bootloader from
    timing out (DAM: 20070509) */
    DDRD &= ~_BV(PIND0);
    PORTD |= _BV(PIND0);
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega8__
  /* m8 */
  UBRRH = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1)>>8; 	// set baud rate
  UBRRL = (((F_CPU/BAUD_RATE)/16)-1);
  UCSRB = (1<<RXEN)|(1<<TXEN);  // enable Rx & Tx
  UCSRC = (1<<URSEL)|(1<<UCSZ1)|(1<<UCSZ0);  // config USART; 8N1
#else
    /* m16,m32,m169,m8515,m8535 */
    UBRRL = (uint8_t)(F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1);
    UBRRH = (F_CPU/(BAUD_RATE*16L)-1) >> 8;
    UCSRA = 0x00;
    UCSRC = 0x06;
    UCSRB = _BV(TXEN)|_BV(RXEN);
#endif

    /* set LED pin as output */
    LED_DDR |= _BV(LED);


    /* flash onboard LED to signal entering of bootloader */
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
    // 4x for UART0, 5x for UART1
    flash_led(NUM_LED_FLASHES + bootuart);
#else
    flash_led(NUM_LED_FLASHES);
#endif
    
    /* 20050803: by DojoCorp, this is one of the parts provoking the
                 system to stop listening, cancelled from the original */
    //putch('\0');


    /* forever loop */
    for (;;) {

	/* get character from UART */
	ch = getch();

	/* A bunch of if...else if... gives smaller code than switch...case ! */

	/* Hello is anyone home ? */ 
	if(ch=='0') {
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* Request programmer ID */
	/* Not using PROGMEM string due to boot block in m128 being beyond 64kB boundry  */
	/* Would need to selectively manipulate RAMPZ, and it's only 9 characters anyway so who cares.  */
	else if(ch=='1') {
	    if (getch() == ' ') {
		putch(0x14);
		putch('A');
		putch('V');
		putch('R');
		putch(' ');
		putch('I');
		putch('S');
		putch('P');
		putch(0x10);
	    } else {
		if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
		    app_start();
	    }
	}


	/* AVR ISP/STK500 board commands  DON'T CARE so default nothing_response */
	else if(ch=='@') {
	    ch2 = getch();
	    if (ch2>0x85) getch();
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* AVR ISP/STK500 board requests */
	else if(ch=='A') {
	    ch2 = getch();
	    if(ch2==0x80) byte_response(HW_VER);		// Hardware version
	    else if(ch2==0x81) byte_response(SW_MAJOR);	// Software major version
	    else if(ch2==0x82) byte_response(SW_MINOR);	// Software minor version
	    else if(ch2==0x98) byte_response(0x03);		// Unknown but seems to be required by avr studio 3.56
	    else byte_response(0x00);				// Covers various unnecessary responses we don't care about
	}


	/* Device Parameters  DON'T CARE, DEVICE IS FIXED  */
	else if(ch=='B') {
	    getNch(20);
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* Parallel programming stuff  DON'T CARE  */
	else if(ch=='E') {
	    getNch(5);
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* Enter programming mode  */
	else if(ch=='P') {
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* Leave programming mode  */
	else if(ch=='Q') {
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* Erase device, don't care as we will erase one page at a time anyway.  */
	else if(ch=='R') {
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* Set address, little endian. EEPROM in bytes, FLASH in words  */
	/* Perhaps extra address bytes may be added in future to support > 128kB FLASH.  */
	/* This might explain why little endian was used here, big endian used everywhere else.  */
	else if(ch=='U') {
	    address.byte[0] = getch();
	    address.byte[1] = getch();
	    nothing_response();
	}


	/* Universal SPI programming command, disabled.  Would be used for fuses and lock bits.  */
	else if(ch=='V') {
	    getNch(4);
	    byte_response(0x00);
	}


	/* Write memory, length is big endian and is in bytes  */
	else if(ch=='d') {
	    length.byte[1] = getch();
	    length.byte[0] = getch();
	    flags.eeprom = 0;
	    if (getch() == 'E') flags.eeprom = 1;
	    for (w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
		buff[w] = getch();	                        // Store data in buffer, can't keep up with serial data stream whilst programming pages
	    }
	    if (getch() == ' ') {
		if (flags.eeprom) {		                //Write to EEPROM one byte at a time
		    for(w=0;w<length.word;w++) {
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega168__
			while(EECR & (1<<EEPE));
			EEAR = (uint16_t)(void *)address.word;
			EEDR = buff[w];
			EECR |= (1<<EEMPE);
			EECR |= (1<<EEPE);
#else
			eeprom_write_byte((void *)address.word,buff[w]);
#endif
			address.word++;
		    }			
		}
		else {					        //Write to FLASH one page at a time
		    if (address.byte[1]>127) address_high = 0x01;	//Only possible with m128, m256 will need 3rd address byte. FIXME
		    else address_high = 0x00;
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
		    RAMPZ = address_high;
#endif
		    address.word = address.word << 1;	        //address * 2 -> byte location
		    /* if ((length.byte[0] & 0x01) == 0x01) length.word++;	//Even up an odd number of bytes */
		    if ((length.byte[0] & 0x01)) length.word++;	//Even up an odd number of bytes
		    cli();					//Disable interrupts, just to be sure
			// HACKME: EEPE used to be EEWE
		    while(bit_is_set(EECR,EEPE));			//Wait for previous EEPROM writes to complete
		    asm volatile(
				 "clr	r17		\n\t"	//page_word_count
				 "lds	r30,address	\n\t"	//Address of FLASH location (in bytes)
				 "lds	r31,address+1	\n\t"
				 "ldi	r28,lo8(buff)	\n\t"	//Start of buffer array in RAM
				 "ldi	r29,hi8(buff)	\n\t"
				 "lds	r24,length	\n\t"	//Length of data to be written (in bytes)
				 "lds	r25,length+1	\n\t"
				 "length_loop:		\n\t"	//Main loop, repeat for number of words in block							 							 
				 "cpi	r17,0x00	\n\t"	//If page_word_count=0 then erase page
				 "brne	no_page_erase	\n\t"						 
				 "wait_spm1:		\n\t"
				 "lds	r16,%0		\n\t"	//Wait for previous spm to complete
				 "andi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "cpi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "breq	wait_spm1       \n\t"
				 "ldi	r16,0x03	\n\t"	//Erase page pointed to by Z
				 "sts	%0,r16		\n\t"
				 "spm			\n\t"							 
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
				 ".word 0xFFFF		\n\t"
				 "nop			\n\t"
#endif
				 "wait_spm2:		\n\t"
				 "lds	r16,%0		\n\t"	//Wait for previous spm to complete
				 "andi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "cpi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "breq	wait_spm2       \n\t"									 

				 "ldi	r16,0x11	\n\t"	//Re-enable RWW section
				 "sts	%0,r16		\n\t"						 			 
				 "spm			\n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
				 ".word 0xFFFF		\n\t"
				 "nop			\n\t"
#endif
				 "no_page_erase:		\n\t"							 
				 "ld	r0,Y+		\n\t"	//Write 2 bytes into page buffer
				 "ld	r1,Y+		\n\t"							 
							 
				 "wait_spm3:		\n\t"
				 "lds	r16,%0		\n\t"	//Wait for previous spm to complete
				 "andi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "cpi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "breq	wait_spm3       \n\t"
				 "ldi	r16,0x01	\n\t"	//Load r0,r1 into FLASH page buffer
				 "sts	%0,r16		\n\t"
				 "spm			\n\t"
							 
				 "inc	r17		\n\t"	//page_word_count++
				 "cpi r17,%1	        \n\t"
				 "brlo	same_page	\n\t"	//Still same page in FLASH
				 "write_page:		\n\t"
				 "clr	r17		\n\t"	//New page, write current one first
				 "wait_spm4:		\n\t"
				 "lds	r16,%0		\n\t"	//Wait for previous spm to complete
				 "andi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "cpi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "breq	wait_spm4       \n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
				 "andi	r30,0x80	\n\t"	// m163 requires Z6:Z1 to be zero during page write
#endif							 							 
				 "ldi	r16,0x05	\n\t"	//Write page pointed to by Z
				 "sts	%0,r16		\n\t"
				 "spm			\n\t"
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
				 ".word 0xFFFF		\n\t"
				 "nop			\n\t"
				 "ori	r30,0x7E	\n\t"	// recover Z6:Z1 state after page write (had to be zero during write)
#endif
				 "wait_spm5:		\n\t"
				 "lds	r16,%0		\n\t"	//Wait for previous spm to complete
				 "andi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "cpi	r16,1           \n\t"
				 "breq	wait_spm5       \n\t"									 
				 "ldi	r16,0x11	\n\t"	//Re-enable RWW section
				 "sts	%0,r16		\n\t"						 			 
				 "spm			\n\t"					 		 
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega163__
				 ".word 0xFFFF		\n\t"
				 "nop			\n\t"
#endif
				 "same_page:		\n\t"							 
				 "adiw	r30,2		\n\t"	//Next word in FLASH
				 "sbiw	r24,2		\n\t"	//length-2
				 "breq	final_write	\n\t"	//Finished
				 "rjmp	length_loop	\n\t"
				 "final_write:		\n\t"
				 "cpi	r17,0		\n\t"
				 "breq	block_done	\n\t"
				 "adiw	r24,2		\n\t"	//length+2, fool above check on length after short page write
				 "rjmp	write_page	\n\t"
				 "block_done:		\n\t"
				 "clr	__zero_reg__	\n\t"	//restore zero register
#if defined __AVR_ATmega168__
				 : "=m" (SPMCSR) : "M" (PAGE_SIZE) : "r0","r16","r17","r24","r25","r28","r29","r30","r31"
#else
				 : "=m" (SPMCR) : "M" (PAGE_SIZE) : "r0","r16","r17","r24","r25","r28","r29","r30","r31"
#endif
				 );
		    /* Should really add a wait for RWW section to be enabled, don't actually need it since we never */
		    /* exit the bootloader without a power cycle anyhow */
		}
		putch(0x14);
		putch(0x10);
	    } else {
		if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
		    app_start();
	    }		
	}
    

        /* Read memory block mode, length is big endian.  */
        else if(ch=='t') {
	    length.byte[1] = getch();
	    length.byte[0] = getch();
#if defined __AVR_ATmega128__
	    if (address.word>0x7FFF) flags.rampz = 1;		// No go with m256, FIXME
	    else flags.rampz = 0;
#endif
	    if (getch() == 'E') flags.eeprom = 1;
	    else {
		flags.eeprom = 0;
		address.word = address.word << 1;	        // address * 2 -> byte location
	    }
	    if (getch() == ' ') {		                // Command terminator
		putch(0x14);
		for (w=0;w < length.word;w++) {		        // Can handle odd and even lengths okay
		    if (flags.eeprom) {	                        // Byte access EEPROM read
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega168__
			while(EECR & (1<<EEPE));
			EEAR = (uint16_t)(void *)address.word;
			EECR |= (1<<EERE);
			putch(EEDR);
#else
			putch(eeprom_read_byte((void *)address.word));
#endif
			address.word++;
		    }
		    else {

			if (!flags.rampz) putch(pgm_read_byte_near(address.word));
#if defined __AVR_ATmega128__
			else putch(pgm_read_byte_far(address.word + 0x10000));
			// Hmmmm, yuck  FIXME when m256 arrvies
#endif
			address.word++;
		    }
		}
		putch(0x10);
	    }
	}


        /* Get device signature bytes  */
        else if(ch=='u') {
	    if (getch() == ' ') {
		putch(0x14);
		putch(SIG1);
		putch(SIG2);
		putch(SIG3);
		putch(0x10);
	    } else {
		if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
		    app_start();
	    }
	}


        /* Read oscillator calibration byte */
        else if(ch=='v') {
	    byte_response(0x00);
	}


#ifdef MONITOR

	/* here come the extended monitor commands by Erik Lins */

	/* check for three times exclamation mark pressed */
	else if(ch=='!') {
	    ch = getch();
	    if(ch=='!') {
		ch = getch();
		if(ch=='!') {

#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
		    uint16_t extaddr;
#endif
		    uint8_t addrl, addrh;

#ifdef CRUMB128
		    PGM_P welcome = {"ATmegaBOOT / Crumb128 - (C) J.P.Kyle, E.Lins - 050815\n\r"};
#elif defined PROBOMEGA128
		    PGM_P welcome = {"ATmegaBOOT / PROBOmega128 - (C) J.P.Kyle, E.Lins - 050815\n\r"};
#elif defined SAVVY128
		    PGM_P welcome = {"ATmegaBOOT / Savvy128 - (C) J.P.Kyle, E.Lins - 050815\n\r"};
#endif

		    /* turn on LED */
		    LED_DDR |= _BV(LED);
		    LED_PORT &= ~_BV(LED);

		    /* print a welcome message and command overview */
		    for(i=0; welcome[i] != '\0'; ++i) {
			putch(welcome[i]);
		    }

		    /* test for valid commands */
		    for(;;) {
			putch('\n');
			putch('\r');
			putch(':');
			putch(' ');

			ch = getch();
			putch(ch);

			/* toggle LED */
			if(ch == 't') {
			    if(bit_is_set(LED_PIN,LED)) {
				LED_PORT &= ~_BV(LED);
				putch('1');
			    } else {
				LED_PORT |= _BV(LED);
				putch('0');
			    }

			} 

			/* read byte from address */
			else if(ch == 'r') {
			    ch = getch(); putch(ch);
			    addrh = gethex();
			    addrl = gethex();
			    putch('=');
			    ch = *(uint8_t *)((addrh << 8) + addrl);
			    puthex(ch);
			}

			/* write a byte to address  */
			else if(ch == 'w') {
			    ch = getch(); putch(ch);
			    addrh = gethex();
			    addrl = gethex();
			    ch = getch(); putch(ch);
			    ch = gethex();
			    *(uint8_t *)((addrh << 8) + addrl) = ch;

			}

			/* read from uart and echo back */
			else if(ch == 'u') {
			    for(;;) {
				putch(getch());
			    }
			}
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
			/* external bus loop  */
			else if(ch == 'b') {
			    putch('b');
			    putch('u');
			    putch('s');
			    MCUCR = 0x80;
			    XMCRA = 0;
			    XMCRB = 0;
			    extaddr = 0x1100;
			    for(;;) {
				ch = *(volatile uint8_t *)extaddr;
				if(++extaddr == 0) {
				    extaddr = 0x1100;
				}
			    }
			}
#endif

			else if(ch == 'j') {
			    app_start();
			}

		    }
		    /* end of monitor functions */

		}
	    }
	}
	/* end of monitor */
#endif
	else if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT) {
	    app_start();
	}
    }
    /* end of forever loop */

}


char gethex(void) {
    char ah,al;

    ah = getch(); putch(ah);
    al = getch(); putch(al);
    if(ah >= 'a') {
	ah = ah - 'a' + 0x0a;
    } else if(ah >= '0') {
	ah -= '0';
    }
    if(al >= 'a') {
	al = al - 'a' + 0x0a;
    } else if(al >= '0') {
	al -= '0';
    }
    return (ah << 4) + al;
}


void puthex(char ch) {
    char ah,al;

    ah = (ch & 0xf0) >> 4;
    if(ah >= 0x0a) {
	ah = ah - 0x0a + 'a';
    } else {
	ah += '0';
    }
    al = (ch & 0x0f);
    if(al >= 0x0a) {
	al = al - 0x0a + 'a';
    } else {
	al += '0';
    }
    putch(ah);
    putch(al);
}


void putch(char ch)
{
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
    if(bootuart == 1) {
	while (!(UCSR0A & _BV(UDRE0)));
	UDR0 = ch;
    }
    else if (bootuart == 2) {
	while (!(UCSR1A & _BV(UDRE1)));
	UDR1 = ch;
    }
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
    while (!(UCSR0A & _BV(UDRE0)));
    UDR0 = ch;
#else
    /* m8,16,32,169,8515,8535,163 */
    while (!(UCSRA & _BV(UDRE)));
    UDR = ch;
#endif
}


char getch(void)
{
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
    if(bootuart == 1) {
	while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)));
	return UDR0;
    }
    else if(bootuart == 2) {
	while(!(UCSR1A & _BV(RXC1)));
	return UDR1;
    }
    return 0;
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
    uint32_t count = 0;
    while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0))){
    	/* 20060803 DojoCorp:: Addon coming from the previous Bootloader*/               
    	/* HACKME:: here is a good place to count times*/
    	count++;
    	if (count > MAX_TIME_COUNT)
    		app_start();
     }
    return UDR0;
#else
    /* m8,16,32,169,8515,8535,163 */
    uint32_t count = 0;
    while(!(UCSRA & _BV(RXC))){
    	/* 20060803 DojoCorp:: Addon coming from the previous Bootloader*/               
    	/* HACKME:: here is a good place to count times*/
    	count++;
    	if (count > MAX_TIME_COUNT)
    		app_start();
     }
    return UDR;
#endif
}


void getNch(uint8_t count)
{
    uint8_t i;
    for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
#ifdef __AVR_ATmega128__
	if(bootuart == 1) {
	    while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)));
	    UDR0;
	} 
	else if(bootuart == 2) {
	    while(!(UCSR1A & _BV(RXC1)));
	    UDR1;
	}
#elif defined __AVR_ATmega168__
	while(!(UCSR0A & _BV(RXC0)));
	UDR0;
#else
	/* m8,16,32,169,8515,8535,163 */
   	/* 20060803 DojoCorp:: Addon coming from the previous Bootloader*/               
	//while(!(UCSRA & _BV(RXC)));
	//UDR;
    uint8_t i;
    for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
    	getch(); // need to handle time out
    }
#endif		
    }
}


void byte_response(uint8_t val)
{
    if (getch() == ' ') {
	putch(0x14);
	putch(val);
	putch(0x10);
    } else {
	if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
	    app_start();
    }
}


void nothing_response(void)
{
    if (getch() == ' ') {
	putch(0x14);
	putch(0x10);
    } else {
	if (++error_count == MAX_ERROR_COUNT)
	    app_start();
    }
}

void flash_led(uint8_t count)
{
    /* flash onboard LED three times to signal entering of bootloader */
	/* l needs to be volatile or the delay loops below might get
	optimized away if compiling with optimizations (DAM). */
    volatile uint32_t l;

    if (count == 0) {
      count = 3;
    }
    
    for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
	LED_PORT |= _BV(LED);
	for(l = 0; l < (F_CPU / 1000); ++l);
	LED_PORT &= ~_BV(LED);
	for(l = 0; l < (F_CPU / 1000); ++l);
    }
}


/* end of file ATmegaBOOT.c */