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Version 0.7.3   - UNRELEASED

 * Fixed date header parsing to be precise with timezone information.  Also,
   when writing From_ line timestamps, don't use UTC but local time, without
   timezone information.
 * To determine the delivery date of a message, archivemail now looks for the
   timestamp of the latest 'Received' header before resorting to 'Date' or
   'Resent-Date'.  This should give much better results when there is no
   'Delivery-date' header.  (Thanks Andrew Ferrier & Christian Brabandt)
   Closes: #1481316, #1764855, Debian bug #272666.
 * If present, the 'Resent-date' header now takes precedence over 'Date'. 
 * IMAP: recognize when a server advertises LOGINDISABLED.
 * New option --debug-imap; this just sets imaplib.Debug, thereby dumping
   archivemail's chat with the server to stdout. 
 * Fixed crash with Python 2.5 when archiving an empty maildir. (Thanks
   "Aidant") Closes: #1878940.
 * New option --all to archive all messages in a mailbox.  Closes: #1764846.
 * Fixed a crash when archiving maildirs with --days=0. (Thanks John Goerzen)
 * IMAP: automatically add NAMESPACE prefix to a mailbox path if necessary. 

Version 0.7.2   - 9 November 2007

  * IMAP: fixed crash by working around python bug #1277098, which is still pending
    in python << 2.5. 

Version 0.7.1   - 7 November 2007

  * Fixed incompatibility with Python 2.5 which broke Maildir handling.
    Closes: #1670422
  * Username and password in IMAP URLs can now be double-quoted, so it should be
    no longer a problem if they contain delimiters like the '@' character. 
    Closes: #1640878
  * Invalid messages/files in Maildirs caused archivemail to silently stop
    processing mails and claim it's all done.  Now skip these and go ahead. 
    (Thanks Elan Ruusamäe for tracking this down.) Closes: #1783369.  
    (The Debian package has a different fix for this problem since 0.6.1-4,
    closing Debian bugs #255944 and #305902.)
  * Fixed IMAP message flag conversion which was completely broken. (Thanks
    Christian Brabandt)  Closes: Debian bug #434807
  * New option --copy: archive mail, but don't delete it from the mailbox. 
    This is mainly useful for testing purposes, and complements --delete.
    Closes: #981865, #988803, #1764851, Debian bug #434798
  * If running as root, only switch the effective uid and gid back if we have
    actually switched them before. Closes: #1762907
  * The automatic seteuid feature of archivemail is insecure and thus
    deprecated; it will be removed from later versions. 
  * Expand tilde in argument of long option --pwfile. (Thanks Christian
    Brabandt) Closes: Debian bug #434813
  * archivemail now accepts --days=0 
  * Fixed crash if --warn-duplicate is used with IMAP (Thanks Christian
    Brabandt) Closes: Debian bug #434786 (the Debian package already has a fix)
  * When converting from other formats to mbox, archivemail used to preserve
    existing 'Status' and 'X-Status' mbox headers; these are now silently
    overwritten to ensure they have correct values.
  * IMAP: if selecting the mailbox fails, archivemail detects the server's
    mailbox hierarchy delimiter, replaces slashes in the mailbox name with the
    delimiter and tries again. Closes: #1826757, Debian bug #368112

Version 0.7.0   - 2 November 2006
  * Fixed long options --filter-append and --pwfile to accept their arguments.
    Closes: #1555935
  * Fixed From_ line generation to actually look for the 'Return-path' and
    'From' headers.  Closes: #1555797
  * Fixed IMAP authentication/URL parsing, which wasn't working at all in
    v0.6.2.  Require username encoded in URL, but be flexible with the password:
    handle both --pwfile and URL-encoded password, and fallback to querying the
    user if neither is present.  Closes: #1555951
  * Convert on-the-wire CRLF to native EOL when saving messages from an IMAP
    folder.  Closes: #1555803
  * Updated man page.  This also addresses #1555951
  * Fixed unittest failure by updating --suffix testcase.  Based on analysis by
    Peter Poeml.  Thanks, Peter. 
  * Fixed invalid IMAP filter string for large messages (--size option).
    (Thanks to the anonymous bug reporter)  Closes: #863813
  * Fixed IMAP --dry-run so it doesn't download all messages that would be
    archived.  
  * Fixed IMAP --delete which didn't work at all.  (Thanks Anand)  
    Closes: Debian bug #203282
  * Terminate each message in newly written mbox with an empty line if the
    message source is not an mbox-format folder.  (Thanks  Chung-chieh Shan)
    Closes: Debian bug #250410
  * Mangle From_ in message body if the message source is not an mbox-format
    folder.  (Thanks Chung-chieh Shan)  Closes: Debian bug #250402
  * Added new option --dont-mangle to turn off From_ mangling.
  * Bumped Python dependency to version 2.3.
  * Fixed unittest TestMboxExclusiveLock which failed on Solaris.  (Thanks Paul
    Rodger)  Closes: #904652
  * Fixed unsafe creation of temporary files in the test suite.
    This addresses Debian bug #385253, and reading the BTS log, it seems this
    issue was assigned CVE-2006-4245, although I cannot find any further
    reference to that CVE.  Note that the bug was initially reported to affect
    archivemail itself, too.  This is not correct.  (Thanks Joey Hess)
    Closes: Debian bug #385253
  * Fixed cleanup of temporary files after test suite failures. 
  * Fixed dotlocking race condition. 
  * Stats are now working with IMAP.
  * Stats now report the total size of a mailbox and of the archived messages
    therefrom.  
  * Always barf if the archive destination directory is world-writable.
  * Distributing man page with the tarball again and fixed distutils setup.
    Closes: #1574720 (Thanks Grant Goodyear)
  * Improved IMAP error reporting

Version 0.6.2   - 27 June 2006
  * add -F/--filter-append option to append an arbitrary string to the IMAP 
    filter string
  * don't delete more than a certain number of messages at a time. The max 
    command len is limited. Fixes bug 942403 (Archiving large IMAP folders fails)
  * IMAP: try CRAM-MD5 login first, if that fails fallback to plain login
  * add SSL support per imaps URL (after patch by Tobias Gruetzmacher)
  * add -P/--pwfile option to supply the IMAP password, so it does not end up in 
    the shell history
  * Fix SyntaxWarning: assignment to None (bug #843890)
  * Use the archive cut date rather than the actual time with the --suffix
    option. (Thanks Manuel Estrada Sainz)

Version 0.6.1   - 31 October 2002
  * Removed a test rule that we could archive messages older than the 
    Unix epoch. Newer versions of python now give an overflow error calling
    mktime() on dates < 1970 instead of returning a negative number.

Version 0.6.0   - 3 October 2002
  * Added IMAP mailbox support. (Thanks Mark Roach)

Version 0.5.1   - 18 September 2002
  * Fixed a bug where when running archivemail as root on a non-root mailbox,
    the temporary container directory would be created as root before the
    seteuid() took place. (Thanks Jay Hesselberth)

Version 0.5.0   - 15 September 2002
  * Fixed a bug where mailbox locking would fail under Solaris. (Thanks Mark
    Sheller)
  * Fixed a bug where archiving maildir mailboxes without a 'Received Date' or
    'From' header would fail. (Thanks Hugo van der Merwe)
  * Removed yet another bug where messages dated on the Unix epoch would fail.

Version 0.4.9   - 18 August 2002
  * Fixed a bug where an exception was thrown if a message was dated exactly
    on the Unix epoch.
  * Fixed a bug where trailing slashes on the end of maildir/MH mailbox
    arguments were being used in the archive name.

Version 0.4.8   - 20 May 2002
  * Call mkdir() to create a container directory in which we can place any
    created tempfiles 

Version 0.4.7   - 9 May 2002
  * Fixed a bug where archivemail would abort if it received a date header
    with a completely blank value.

Version 0.4.6   - 6 May 2002
  * Fixed a bug where the os.rename() calls could fail if we were moving
    temporary files across different filesystems/partitions.

Version 0.4.5   - 29 April 2002
  * Fixed a bug where if you used the '--delete' option to completely clean
    an mbox mailbox you would get a python error.
  * Added a lot more testing to test_archivemail.py (test_archivemail.py is
    now 37% bigger than archivemail -- scary)
  * Added a new '--size' option which allows you to only archive messages 
    over a certain size.

Version 0.4.4   - 27 April 2002
  * Fixed a bug where the long --suffix option was not working (although the 
    short option, '-s' was).
  * Added time-based format directives to the --suffix option, so that you 
    can do things like specify --suffix='%B%Y' to create archives named
    after the current month and year
  * Added some more tests to test_archivemail.py

Version 0.4.3   - 26 April 2002
  * Fixed a couple of bugs where I was using python version 2.2 syntax that
    was giving errors in python v2.0 and v2.1. 
  * Changed the python requirements for the test script from python version
    2.0 to version 2.1. This is because the unittest module is only available
    in version 2.1 and above.

Version 0.4.2   - 24 April 2002
  * Added the ability to archive messages older than a given absolute date 
    with the new option '--date'.
  * Fixed a bug where archivemail would complain about messages older than 
    1970. Yes, someone had a 'Date' header with 1967 :)
  * Complain if the mailbox to be read does not look like a valid mbox-format
    mailbox.
  * Added a few more tests to test_archivemail.py

Version 0.4.1   - 21 April 2002
  * Don't archive messages that are flagged important unless we are given the
    --include-flagged option. 
  * Fixed a bug where when archiving messages from maildir mailboxes, we were
    not preserving the status information contained in the filename suffix to
    Status and X-Status mbox headers. This means we forgot if we had read or 
    replied to the message.
  * We now complain if an mbox-format mailbox that is being read changes in 
    size -- this should not happen, since we have locked these files, but it
    is a good sanity check.
  * Changed from using the mailbox.PortableUnixMailbox class to read mbox 
    mailboxes to the mailbox.UnixMailbox class. This fixes bugs where unquoted
    'From ' lines in the body of messages were confusing archivemail.

Version 0.4.0   - 17 April 2002
  * Added an option --no-compress to make archives but not compress them with  
    gzip.
  * Added an option --preserve-unread to not archive unread messages.
  * Added a few more unittests.

Version 0.3.2   - 13 April 2002
  * Added a lot more information to the manpage, including examples and 
    notes.
  * Fixed up the README file and archivemail usage message.
  * Added an example archivemail shell script that I run from crontab.

Version 0.3.1   - 12 April 2002
  * Stopped calling 'gzip' externally and started using the gzip library
    so that we can append to a copy of the gzip archive directly. 
  * Removed 'bzip2' and 'compress' options since they are increasing
    complexity without adding much, and needed to be called externally.
    Maybe when python gets a bzip2 library I will add back an option to 
    compress archives using bzip2.
  * Included a man page & sgml docbook source.

Version 0.3.0   - 11 April 2002
  * We now preserve the last-accessed and last-modified timestamps correctly
  * We now preserve the correct permissions on the original mailbox instead
    of always mode 600
  * Fixed a bug where lockfiles were being created that were not
    world-readable
  * Made archivemail work better when used as a python module so it can
    integrate better with unittest. (... although I still distribute it 
    without the .py extension - dodgy?)
  * Bundled a unit-testing script for archivemail 
  * Started using a distutils 'setup.py' script for installation.

Version 0.2.1   - 4 April 2002
  * Since we might not have a parse-able 'Date-Received' or 'Date' field,
    use 5 different ways to guess the date of a message. 
  * Removed the '--use-mtime' option since it is obsolete -- we will always
    use the file modification time for the message if other date-parsing
    methods fail.  
  * Check to see if we are running as root -- if so, change our
    effective userid and groupid to that of the original mailbox. This will 
    make sure any archives or tempfiles we write have the same ownership and 
    will allow the root user to do "archivemail /var/spool/mail/*"
  * Fixed a bug where if you ran 'archivemail.py foo/mbox' it would create 
    the archive file in the current directory instead of the directory 'foo'.

Version 0.2.0   - 3 April 2002
  * Added support for reading from MH mailboxes
  * Refuse to proceed if we would be making tempfiles in world-writable
    directories
  * Clamped down with lots of assert()s checking function parameters
  * Complain earlier if we do not have permission to write to the output
    directory
  * Use the 'Date' field of a message when constructing the 'From_' line
    from a maildir/MH mailbox if there is no 'Delivery-Date' field.

Version 0.1.0   - 31 March 2002
  * Initial release
98' href='#n798'>798 799 800 801 802 803 804 805 806 807 808 809 810 811 812 813 814 815 816 817 818 819 820 821 822 823 824 825 826 827 828 829 830 831 832 833 834 835 836 837 838 839 840 841 842 843 844 845 846 847 848 849 850 851 852 853 854 855 856 857 858 859 860 861 862 863 864 865 866 867 868 869 870 871 872 873 874 875 876 877 878 879 880 881 882 883 884 885 886 887 888 889 890 891 892 893 894 895 896 897 898 899 900 901 902 903 904 905 906 907 908 909 910 911 912 913 914 915 916 917 918 919 920 921 922 923 924 925 926 927 928 929 930 931 932 933 934 935 936 937 938 939 940 941 942 943 944 945 946 947 948 949 950 951 952 953 954 955 956 957 958 959 960 961 962 963 964 965 966 967 968 969 970 971 972 973 974 975 976 977 978 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 990 991 992 993 994 995 996 997 998 999 1000 1001 1002 1003 1004 1005 1006 1007 1008 1009 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016 1017 1018 1019 1020 1021 1022 1023 1024 1025 1026 1027 1028 1029 1030 1031 1032 1033 1034 1035 1036 1037 1038 1039 1040 1041 1042 1043 1044 1045 1046 1047 1048 1049 1050 1051 1052 1053 1054 1055 1056 1057 1058 1059 1060 1061 1062 1063 1064 1065 1066 1067 1068 1069 1070 1071 1072 1073 1074 1075 1076 1077 1078 1079 1080 1081 1082 1083 1084 1085 1086 1087 1088 1089 1090 1091 1092 1093 1094 1095 1096 1097 1098 1099 1100 1101 1102 1103 1104 1105 1106 1107 1108 1109 1110 1111 1112 1113 1114 1115 1116 1117 1118 1119 1120 1121 1122 1123 1124 1125 1126 1127 1128 1129 1130 1131 1132 1133 1134 1135 1136 1137 1138 1139 1140 1141 1142 1143 1144 1145 1146 1147 1148 1149 1150 1151 1152 1153 1154 1155 1156 1157 1158 1159 1160 1161 1162 1163 1164 1165 1166 1167 1168 1169 1170 1171 1172 1173 1174 1175 1176 1177 1178 1179 1180 1181 1182 1183 1184 1185 1186 1187 1188 1189 1190 1191 1192 1193 1194 1195 1196 1197 1198 1199 1200 1201 1202 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212 1213 1214 1215 1216 1217 1218 1219 1220 1221 1222 1223 1224 1225 1226 1227 1228 1229 1230 1231 1232 1233 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1239 1240 1241 1242 1243 1244 1245 1246 1247 1248 1249 1250 1251 1252 1253 1254 1255 1256 1257 1258 1259
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<a class="qindex" href="index.html">Main Page</a> &nbsp; <a class="qindex" href="modules.html">Modules</a> &nbsp; </center>
<hr><h1>Formatted Printing Functions.</h1>Variations of formatted printing functions. 
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<tr><td colspan=2><br><h2>Functions</h2></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a0">trio_printf</a> (const char *format,...)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to standard output stream.</em> <a href="#a0">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a1">trio_vprintf</a> (const char *format, va_list args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to standard output stream.</em> <a href="#a1">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a2">trio_printfv</a> (const char *format, trio_pointer_t *args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to standard output stream.</em> <a href="#a2">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a3">trio_fprintf</a> (FILE *file, const char *format,...)</td></tr>
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<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a4">trio_vfprintf</a> (FILE *file, const char *format, va_list args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to file.</em> <a href="#a4">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a5">trio_fprintfv</a> (FILE *file, const char *format, trio_pointer_t *args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to file.</em> <a href="#a5">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a6">trio_dprintf</a> (int fd, const char *format,...)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to file descriptor.</em> <a href="#a6">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a7">trio_vdprintf</a> (int fd, const char *format, va_list args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to file descriptor.</em> <a href="#a7">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a8">trio_dprintfv</a> (int fd, const char *format, trio_pointer_t *args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to file descriptor.</em> <a href="#a8">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a12">trio_sprintf</a> (char *buffer, const char *format,...)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to string.</em> <a href="#a12">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a13">trio_vsprintf</a> (char *buffer, const char *format, va_list args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to string.</em> <a href="#a13">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a14">trio_sprintfv</a> (char *buffer, const char *format, trio_pointer_t *args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print to string.</em> <a href="#a14">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a15">trio_snprintf</a> (char *buffer, size_t max, const char *format,...)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print at most <code>max</code> characters to string.</em> <a href="#a15">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a16">trio_vsnprintf</a> (char *buffer, size_t max, const char *format, va_list args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print at most <code>max</code> characters to string.</em> <a href="#a16">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
<tr><td nowrap align=right valign=top>int&nbsp;</td><td valign=bottom><a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a17">trio_snprintfv</a> (char *buffer, size_t max, const char *format, trio_pointer_t *args)</td></tr>
<tr><td>&nbsp;</td><td><font size=-1><em>Print at most <code>max</code> characters to string.</em> <a href="#a17">More...</a><em></em></font><br><br></td></tr>
</table>
<hr><a name="_details"></a><h2>Detailed Description</h2>
Variations of formatted printing functions.
<p>
<b>SYNOPSIS</b>
<p>
<div class="fragment"><pre>
cc ... -ltrio -lm

#include &lt;trio.h&gt;
</pre></div>
<p>
<b>DESCRIPTION</b>
<p>
This documentation is incomplete. The documentation of the printf family in [C99] and [UNIX98] also applies to the trio counterparts.
<p>
All these functions outputs a string which is formatted according to the <code>format</code> string and the consecutive arguments. The <code>format</code> string is described in the Formatting section below.
<p>
<a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a0">trio_printf</a>, <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a1">trio_vprintf</a>, and <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a2">trio_printfv</a> writes the output to the standard output stream (stdout).
<p>
<a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a3">trio_fprintf</a>, <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a4">trio_vfprintf</a>, and <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a5">trio_fprintfv</a> writes the output to a given output stream.
<p>
<a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a6">trio_dprintf</a>, <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a7">trio_vdprintf</a>, and <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a8">trio_dprintfv</a> writes the output to a file descriptor (this includes, for example, sockets).
<p>
<a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a12">trio_sprintf</a>, <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a13">trio_vsprintf</a>, and <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a14">trio_sprintfv</a> writes the output into <code>buffer</code>.
<p>
<a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a15">trio_snprintf</a>, <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a16">trio_vsnprintf</a>, and <a class="el" href="group___printf.html#a17">trio_snprintfv</a> writes <code>max</code> - 1 characters into <code>buffer</code> followed by a terminating zero character. If <code>max</code> is 1, then <code>buffer</code> will be an empty string. If <code>max</code> is 0, then <code>buffer</code> is left untouched, and can consequently be NULL. The number of characters that would have been written to <code>buffer</code>, had there been sufficient space, is returned.
<p>
trio_snprintfcat appends the formatted text at the end of <code>buffer</code>.
<p>
trio_asprintf and trio_vasprintf allocates and returns an allocated string in <code>buffer</code> containing the formatted text.
<p>
<b>FORMATTING</b>
<p>
The <code>format</code> string can contain normal text and conversion indicators. The normal text can be any character except the nil character (\000 = '\0') and the percent character (\045 = '%'). Conversion indicators consists of an indication character (%), followed by zero or more conversion modifiers, and exactly one conversion specifier.
<p>
<b>Modifiers</b>
<p>
Some modifiers exhibit the same behaviour for all specifiers, other modifiers indicate different behaviours for different specifiers, and other modifiers are only applicable to certain specifiers. The relationship is described for each modifier. The number 9 is used to denotes an arbitrary integer.
<p>
<em>Positional</em> ( <code>9$</code> ) [UNIX98]
<p>
Normally the arguments supplied to these functions are interpreted incrementially from left to right. Arguments can be referenced specifically in the format string. The modifier n$ selects the nth argument. The first argument is referred as 1$. If this modifier is used, it must be the first modifier after the indication character. n$ can also be used for argument width, precision, and base.
<p>
The performance penalty of using positionals is almost neglible (contrary to most other printf implementations).
<p>
<ul>
<li> <em>Reference</em> <em>Mix</em>. Mixing normal and positional specifiers is allowed [TRIO]. For example, <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("%d %3$d %2$d\n", 1, 2, 3);
</pre></div> results in <div class="fragment"><pre>
  1 3 2
</pre></div> Arguments for the printf family are passed on the stack. On most platforms it is not possible to determine the size of individual stack elements, so it is essential that the format string corresponds exactly to the passed arguments. If this is not the case, incorrect values may be put into the result.</ul>
<ul>
<li> <em>Reference</em> <em>Gap</em>. For the same reason it is also essential that the format string does not contain any "gaps" in the positional arguments. For example, <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("%1$d %3$d\n", 1, 2, 3);
</pre></div> is NOT allowed. The format string parser has no knowledge about whether the second argument is, say, an integer or a long double (which have different sizes). <div class="fragment"><pre>
</pre></div> [UNIX98] describes this as unspecified behaviour. [TRIO] will detect reference gaps and return an error.</ul>
<ul>
<li> <em>Double</em> <em>Reference</em>. It is also not allowed to reference an argument twice or more. For example, <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("%1$d %1$lf\n", 1);
</pre></div> is NOT allowed, because it references the first argument as two differently sized objects. <div class="fragment"><pre>
</pre></div> [UNIX98] describes this as unspecified behaviour. [TRIO] will detect double references and return an error.</ul>
The following two statements are equivalent <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%d %s\n|", 42, "meanings");
  |42 meanings|

  trio_printf("|%1$d %2$s|\n", 42, "meanings");
  |42 meanings|
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Width</em> ( <code>9</code> )
<p>
Specifies the minimum width of a field. If the fields has less characters than specified by the width, the field will be left adjusted and padded by spaces. The adjustment and padding can be changed by the Alignment ( <code>-</code> ) and Padding ( <code>0</code> ) modifiers.
<p>
The width is specified as a number. If an asterix ( <code>*</code> ) is used instead, the width will be read from the argument list.
<p>
Prefixes, such as 0x for hexadecimal integers, are part of width. <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%10i|\n", 42);
  |        42|
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Precision</em> ( .<code>9</code> )
<p>
The precision has different semantics for the various data types. The precision specifies the maximum number of printed characters for strings, the number of digits after the decimal-point for floating-point numbers, the number of significant digits for the <code>g</code> (and <code>G)</code> representation of floating-point numbers, the minimum number of printed digits for integers. <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%10.8i|%.8i|\n", 42, 42);
  |  00000042|00000042|
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Base</em> ( ..<code>9</code> ) [TRIO]
<p>
Sets the base that the associated integer must be converted to. The base can be between 2 and 36 (both included). <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%10.8.2i|%10..2i|%..2i|\n", 42, 42, 42);
  |  00101010|    101010|101010|

  trio_printf("|%*.8.*i|\n", 10, 2, 42);
  |  00101010|
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Padding</em> ( <code>0</code> )
<p>
Integer and floating point numbers are prepended by zeros. The number of leading zeros are determined by the precision. If precision is not present, width is used instead.
<p>
<em>Short</em> ( <code>h</code> )
<p>
Integer arguments are read as an ( <code>unsigned</code> ) <code>short</code> <code>int</code>. String and character arguments are read as <code>char</code> <code>*</code> and <code>char</code> respectively.
<p>
<em>Short</em> <em>short</em> ( <code>hh</code> ) [C99, GNU]
<p>
The argument is read as an ( <code>unsigned</code> ) <code>char</code>.
<p>
<em>Fixed</em> <em>Size</em> ( <code>I</code> ) [MSVC]
<p>
The argument is read as a fixed sized integer. The modifier is followed by a number, which specifies the number of bits in the integer, and can be one of the following
<p>
<ul>
<li> <code>I8</code> <li> <code>I16</code> <li> <code>I32</code> <li> <code>I64</code> (if 64-bits integers are supported)</ul>
Works only for integers (i, u, d, o, x, X)
<p>
<em>Largest</em> ( <code>j</code> ) [C99]
<p>
The argument is read as an <code>intmax_t</code> / <code>uintmax_t</code>, which is defined to be the largest signed/unsigned integer.
<p>
<em>Long</em> ( <code>l</code> )
<p>
An integral argument is read as an ( <code>unsigned</code> ) <code>long</code> <code>int</code>. A string argument is read as a <code>wchar_t</code> <code>*</code>, and output as a multi-byte character sequence.
<p>
<em>Long</em> <em>long</em> ( <code>ll</code> ) [C99, UNIX98, GNU]
<p>
The argument is read as an ( <code>unsigned</code> ) <code>long</code> <code>long</code> <code>int</code>.
<p>
<em>Long</em> <em>double</em> ( <code>L</code> ) [C99, UNIX98, GNU]
<p>
The argument is read as a <code>long</code> <code>double</code>.
<p>
<em>ptrdiff_t</em> ( <code>t</code> ) [C99]
<p>
The argument is read as a <code>ptrdiff_t</code>, which is defined to be the signed integer type of the result of subtracting two pointers.
<p>
<em>Quad</em> ( <code>q</code> ) [BSD, GNU]
<p>
Corresponds to the long long modifier ( <code>ll</code> ).
<p>
<em>Wide</em> ( <code>w</code> ) [MISC]
<p>
For a string argument this is equivalent to using the long modifier ( <code>l</code> ).
<p>
<em>size_t</em> ( <code>z</code> ) [C99]
<p>
The argument is read as a <code>size_t</code>, which is defined to be the type returned by the <code>sizeof</code> operator.
<p>
<em>size_t</em> ( <code>Z</code> ) [GNU]
<p>
Corresponds to the size_t modifier ( <code>z</code> ).
<p>
<em>Alternative</em> ( <code>#</code> )
<p>
Prepend radix indicator for hexadecimal, octal, and binary integer numbers and for pointers. Always add a decimal-pointer for floating-point numbers. Escape non-printable characters for strings.
<p>
<em>Spacing</em> ( )
<p>
Prepend leading spaces when necessary.
<p>
<em>Sign</em> ( <code>+</code> )
<p>
Always prepend a sign to numbers. Normally only the negative sign is prepended to a number. With this modifier the positive sign may also be prepended.
<p>
<em>Alignment</em> ( <code>-</code> )
<p>
The output will be left-justified in the field specified by the width.
<p>
<em>Argument</em> ( <code>*</code> )
<p>
Width, precision, or base is read from the argument list, rather than from the formatting string.
<p>
<em>Quote</em> / <em>Grouping</em> ( ' <code>)</code> [MISC]
<p>
Groups integers and the integer-part of floating-point numbers according to the locale. Quote strings and characters.
<p>
<em>Sticky</em> ( <code>!</code> ) [TRIO]
<p>
The modifiers listed for the current specifier will be reused by subsequent specifiers of the same group. The following specifier groups exists <ul>
<li> Integer ( <code>i</code>, <code>u</code>, <code>d</code>, <code>o</code>, <code>x</code>, <code>X</code> ) <li> Floating-point ( <code>f</code>, <code>F</code>, <code>e</code>, <code>E</code>, <code>g</code>, <code>G</code>, <code>a</code>, <code>A</code> ) <li> Character ( <code>c</code> ) <li> String ( <code>s</code> ) <li> Pointer ( <code>p</code> ) <li> Count ( <code>n</code> ) <li> Errno ( <code>m</code> ) <li> Group ( <code>[]</code> )</ul>
The sticky modifiers are active until superseeded by other sticky modifiers, or the end of the format string is reached. Local modifiers overrides sticky modifiers for the given specifier only. <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%!08#x|%04x|%x|\n", 42, 42, 42);
  |0x00002a|0x2a|0x00002a|
</pre></div>
<p>
<b>Specifiers</b>
<p>
<em>Percent</em> ( <code>%</code> )
<p>
Produce a percent ( <code>%</code> ) character. This is used to quote the indication character. No modifiers are allowed. The full syntax is <code>%%</code>. <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("Percent is %%\n");
  Percent is %
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Hex</em> <em>floats</em> ( <code>a</code>, <code>A</code> ) [C99]
<p>
Output a hexadecimal (base 16) representation of a floating point number. The number is automatically preceeded by <code>0x</code> ( or <code>0X</code> ). The exponent is <code>p</code> ( or <code>P</code> ). <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%a|%A|\n", 3.1415, 3.1415e20);
  |0x3.228bc|0X3.228BCP+14|
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Binary</em> <em>numbers</em> ( <code>b</code>, <code>B</code> ) [MISC - SCO UnixWare 7]
<p>
DEPRECATED: Use Base modifier <code>%..2i</code> instead.
<p>
<em>Character</em> ( <code>c</code> )
<p>
Output a single character.
<p>
<ul>
<li> Quote ( ' <code>)</code> [TRIO]. Quote the character.</ul>
<em>Decimal</em> ( <code>d</code> )
<p>
Output a decimal (base 10) representation of a number.
<p>
<ul>
<li> Grouping ( ' <code>)</code> [TRIO]. The number is separated by the locale thousand separator. <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%'ld|\n", 1234567);
  |1,234,567|
</pre></div></ul>
<em>Floating-point</em> ( <code>e</code>, <code>E)</code>
<p>
Output a decimal floating-point number. The style is <code>[-]9.99e[-]9</code>, where <ul>
<li> <code>[-]9.99</code> is the mantissa (as described for the <code>f</code>, <code>F</code> specifier), and <li> <code>e[-]9</code> is the exponent indicator (either <code>e</code> or <code>E</code>, depending on the floating-point specifier), followed by an optional sign and the exponent</ul>
If the precision is wider than the maximum number of digits that can be represented by the floating-point unit, then the number will be adequately rounded. For example, assuming DBL_DIG is 15 <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%.18e|\n", (1.0 / 3.0));
  |3.333333333333333000e-01|
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Floating-point</em> ( <code>f</code>, <code>F</code> )
<p>
Output a decimal floating-point number. The style is <code>[-]9.99</code>, where <ul>
<li> <code>[-]</code> is an optional sign (either <code>+</code> or <code>-)</code>, <li> <code>9</code> is the integer-part (possibly interspersed with thousand-separators), <li> . <code>is</code> the decimal-point (depending on the locale), and <li> <code>99</code> is the fractional-part.</ul>
If more digits are needed to output the number, than can be represented with the accuracy of the floating-point unit, then the number will be adequately rounded. For example, assuming that DBL_DIG is 15 <div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|%f|\n", (2.0 / 3.0) * 1E18);
  |666666666666666700.000000|
</pre></div>
<p>
The following modifiers holds a special meaning for this specifier <ul>
<li> Alternative ( <code>#</code> ) [C99]. Add decimal point. <li> Grouping ( ' <code>)</code> [TRIO]. Group integer part of number into thousands (according to locale).</ul>
<em>Floating-point</em> ( <code>g</code>, <code>G)</code>
<p>
Output a decimal floating-point representation of a number. The format of either the <code>f</code>, <code>F</code> specifier or the <code>e</code>, <code>E</code> specifier is used, whatever produces the shortest result.
<p>
<em>Integer</em> ( <code>i</code> )
<p>
Output a signed integer. Default base is 10.
<p>
<em>Errno</em> ( <code>m</code> ) [GNU]
<p>
<em>Count</em> ( <code>n</code> )
<p>
Insert into the location pointed to by the argument, the number of octets written to the output so far.
<p>
<em>Octal</em> ( <code>o</code> )
<p>
Output an octal (base 8) representation of a number.
<p>
<em>Pointer</em> ( <code>p</code> )
<p>
Ouput the address of the argument. The address is printed as a hexadecimal number. If the argument is the NULL pointer the text <code>(nil)</code> will be used instead. <ul>
<li> Alternative ( <code>#</code> ) [TRIO]. Prepend 0x</ul>
<em>String</em> ( <code>s</code>, <code>S</code> )
<p>
Output a string. The argument must point to a zero terminated string. If the argument is the NULL pointer the text <code>(nil)</code> will be used instead. <code>S</code> is equivalent to <code>ls</code>. <ul>
<li> Alternative ( <code>#</code> ) [TRIO]. Escape non-printable characters.</ul>
Non-printable characters are converted into C escapes, or hexadecimal numbers where no C escapes exists for the character. The C escapes, the hexadecimal number, and all backslashes are prepended by a backslash ( <code>\</code> ). The supported C escapes are <ul>
<li> <code>\a</code> (\007) = alert <li> <code>\b</code> (\010) = backspace <li> <code>\f</code> (\014) = formfeed <li> <code>\n</code> (\012) = newline <li> <code>\r</code> (\015) = carriage return <li> <code>\t</code> (\011) = horizontal tab <li> <code>\v</code> (\013) = vertical tab</ul>
<div class="fragment"><pre>
  trio_printf("|One %s Three|One %'s Three|\n", "Two", "Two");
  |One Two Three|One "Two" Three|

  trio_printf("|Argument missing %s|\n", NULL);
  |Argument missing (nil)|

  trio_printf("|%#s|\n", "\007 \a.");
  |\a \a.|
</pre></div>
<p>
<em>Unsigned</em> ( <code>u</code> )
<p>
Output an unsigned integer. Default base is 10.
<p>
<em>Hex</em> ( <code>x</code>, <code>X</code> )
<p>
Output a hexadecimal (base 16) representation of a number.
<p>
<ul>
<li> Alternative ( <code>#</code> ). Preceed the number by <code>0x</code> ( or <code>0X</code> ). The two characters are counted as part of the width.</ul>
<em>User-defined</em> ( <code>&lt;&gt;</code> )
<p>
Invoke user-defined formatting. See <a class="el" href="group___user_defined.html#a0">trio_register</a> for further information.
<p>
<b>RETURN</b> <b>VALUES</b>
<p>
All functions returns the number of outputted characters. If an error occured then a negative error code is returned [TRIO]. Note that this is a deviation from the standard, which simply returns -1 (or EOF) and errno set appropriately. The error condition can be detected by checking whether the function returns a negative number or not, and the number can be parsed with the following macros. The error codes are primarily intended as debugging aide for the developer.
<p>
<ul>
<li> TRIO_EINVAL: Invalid argument. <li> TRIO_ETOOMANY: Too many arguments. <li> TRIO_EDBLREF: Double argument reference. <li> TRIO_EGAP: Argument reference gap. <li> TRIO_ENOMEM: Out of memory. <li> TRIO_ERANGE: Invalid range. <li> TRIO_ERRNO: The error is specified by the errno variable.</ul>
Example: <div class="fragment"><pre>
  int rc;

  rc = trio_printf("%r\n", 42);
  if (rc &lt; 0) {
    if (TRIO_ERROR_CODE(rc) != TRIO_EOF) {
      trio_printf("Error: %s at position %d\n",
                  TRIO_ERROR_NAME(rc),
                  TRIO_ERROR_POSITION(rc));
    }
  }
</pre></div>
<p>
<b>SEE</b> <b>ALSO</b>
<p>
<em>trio_scanf</em>, <em>trio_register</em>.
<p>
<b>NOTES</b>
<p>
The printfv family uses an array rather than the stack to pass arguments. This means that <code>short</code> <code>int</code> and <code>float</code> values will not be handled by the default argument promotion in C. Instead, these values must be explicitly converted with the Short (h) modifier in both cases.
<p>
Example: <div class="fragment"><pre>
  void *array[2];
  float float_number = 42.0;
  short short_number = 42;

  array[0] = &amp;float_number;
  array[1] = &amp;short_number;

  trio_printfv("%hf %hd\n", array); /* CORRECT */
  trio_printfv("%f %d\n", array); /* WRONG */
</pre></div>
<p>
<b>CONFORMING</b> <b>TO</b>
<p>
Throughout this document the following abbreviations have been used to indicate what standard a feature conforms to. If nothing else is indicated ANSI C (C89) is assumed.
<p>
<ul>
<li> [C89] ANSI X3.159-1989 <li> [C99] ISO/IEC 9899:1999 <li> [UNIX98] The Single UNIX Specification, Version 2 <li> [BSD] 4.4BSD <li> [GNU] GNU libc <li> [MSVC] Microsoft Visual C <li> [MISC] Other non-standard sources <li> [TRIO] Extensions specific for this package </ul>
<hr><h2>Function Documentation</h2>
<a name="a6" doxytag="trio.c::trio_dprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_dprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">int&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>fd</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>...&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to file descriptor.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>fd</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
File descriptor. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>...</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a8" doxytag="trio.c::trio_dprintfv"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_dprintfv </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">int&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>fd</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>trio_pointer_t *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to file descriptor.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>fd</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
File descriptor. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a3" doxytag="trio.c::trio_fprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_fprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">FILE *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>file</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>...&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to file.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>file</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
File pointer. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>...</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a5" doxytag="trio.c::trio_fprintfv"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_fprintfv </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">FILE *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>file</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>trio_pointer_t *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to file.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>file</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
File pointer. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a0" doxytag="trio.c::trio_printf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_printf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>...&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to standard output stream.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>...</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a2" doxytag="trio.c::trio_printfv"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_printfv </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>trio_pointer_t *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to standard output stream.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a15" doxytag="trio.c::trio_snprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_snprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>buffer</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>size_t&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>max</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>...&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print at most <code>max</code> characters to string.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>buffer</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Output string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>max</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Maximum number of characters to print. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>...</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a17" doxytag="trio.c::trio_snprintfv"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_snprintfv </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>buffer</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>size_t&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>max</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>trio_pointer_t *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print at most <code>max</code> characters to string.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>buffer</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Output string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>max</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Maximum number of characters to print. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a12" doxytag="trio.c::trio_sprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_sprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>buffer</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>...&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp;</td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to string.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>buffer</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Output string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>...</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a14" doxytag="trio.c::trio_sprintfv"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_sprintfv </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>buffer</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>trio_pointer_t *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to string.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>buffer</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Output string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a7" doxytag="trio.c::trio_vdprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_vdprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">int&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>fd</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>va_list&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to file descriptor.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>fd</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
File descriptor. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a4" doxytag="trio.c::trio_vfprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_vfprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">FILE *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>file</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>va_list&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to file.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>file</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
File pointer. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a1" doxytag="trio.c::trio_vprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_vprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>va_list&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to standard output stream.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a16" doxytag="trio.c::trio_vsnprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_vsnprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>buffer</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>size_t&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>max</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>va_list&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print at most <code>max</code> characters to string.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>buffer</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Output string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>max</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Maximum number of characters to print. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<a name="a13" doxytag="trio.c::trio_vsprintf"></a><p>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="0">
  <tr>
    <td class="md">
      <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0">
        <tr>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top"> int trio_vsprintf </td>
          <td class="md" valign="top">(&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" nowrap valign="top">char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>buffer</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>const char *&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>format</em>, </td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md" nowrap>va_list&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="mdname" nowrap>&nbsp; <em>args</em></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td></td>
          <td class="md">)&nbsp;</td>
          <td class="md" colspan="2"></td>
        </tr>

      </table>
    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
<table cellspacing=5 cellpadding=0 border=0>
  <tr>
    <td>
      &nbsp;
    </td>
    <td>

<p>
Print to string.
<p>
<dl compact><dt><b>
Parameters: </b><dd>
<table border=0 cellspacing=2 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td valign=top><em>buffer</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Output string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>format</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Formatting string. </td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><em>args</em>&nbsp;</td><td>
Arguments. </td></tr>
</table>
</dl><dl compact><dt><b>
Returns: </b><dd>
Number of printed characters. </dl>    </td>
  </tr>
</table>
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<center class="copyright">Copyright (C) 2001 Bj&oslash;rn Reese and Daniel Stenberg.</center>
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