1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
|
<!doctype HTML public "-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 2.0//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>The Fetchmail FAQ</TITLE>
<link rev=made href=mailto:esr@snark.thyrsus.com>
<meta name="description" content="Frequently asked questions about fetchmail.">
<meta name="keywords" content="fetchmail, POP, POP2, POP3, IMAP, remote mail">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H1>Frequently Asked Questions About Fetchmail</H1>
The current version of fetchmail is 4.0.0.<P>
Before reporting any bug, please read <a href="#G3">G3</a> for advice
on how to include diagnostic information that will get your bug fixed
as quickly as possible. <p>
If you have a question or answer you think ought to be added to this FAQ list,
mail it to fetchmail's maintainer, Eric S. Raymond, at
<A HREF="mailto:esr@thyrsus.com">esr@snark.thyrsus.com</A>.<p>
<a href="mailto:funk+@osu.edu">Rob Funk</a> is fetchmail's designated
backup maintainer. Other backup maintainers may be added in the
future, in order to ensure continued support should Eric S. Raymond
and/or Rob Funk drop permanently off the net for any reason.<P>
There is a fetchmail-friends list for people who want to discuss fixes
and improvements in fetchmail and help co-develop it. It's at
<a href="mail:fetchmail-friends@thyrsus.com">fetchmail-friends@thyrsus.com</a>
and is a SmartList reflector; sign up in the usual way with a message
containing the word "subscribe" in the subject line sent to
to <a href="mail:fetchmail-friends-request@thyrsus.com">
fetchmail-friends-request@thyrsus.com</a>. (Similarly, "unsubscribe"
in the Subject line unsubscribes you, and "help" returns general list help) <p>
There is a fetchmail home page at <a href="http://www.ccil.org/~esr">
http://www.ccil.org/~esr</a>.<P>
<h1>General questions:</h1>
<a href="#G1">G1. What is fetchmail and why should I bother?</a><br>
<a href="#G2">G2. Where do I find the latest FAQ and fetchmail sources?</a><br>
<a href="#G3">G3. I think I've found a bug. Will you fix it?</a><br>
<a href="#G4">G4. I have this idea for a neat feature. Will you add it?</a><br>
<a href="#G5">G5. So, what's this I hear about a fetchmail paper?</a><br>
<h1>Fetchmail configuration file grammar questions:</h1>
<a href="#F1">F1. Why does my .fetchmailrc from 3.9 or earlier no longer work?</a><br>
<a href="#F2">F2. The .fetchmailrc parser won't accept my all-numeric user name.</a><br>
<a href="#F3">F3. The .fetchmailrc parser won't accept my host or username beginning with `no'.</a><br>
<a href="#F4">F4. I'm migrating from popclient. How do I need to modify my .poprc?</a><br>
<h1>Configuration questions:</h1>
<a href="#C1">C1. Why do I need a .fetchmailrc when running as root on my own machine?</a><br>
<a href="#C2">C2. How can I arrange for a fetchmail daemon to get killed when I log out?</a><br>
<a href="#C3">C3. How do I know what interface and address to use with --interface?</a><br>
<a href="#C4">C4. How can I get fetchmail to work with ssh?</a><br>
<a href="#C5">C5. How can I set up support for sendmail's anti-spam 571 response?</a><br>
<a href="#C6">C6. How can I do automatic startup/shutdown of fetchmail
when I may have multiple login sessions going?</a><br>
<h1>Configuration tips for non-sendmail MTAs</h1>
<a href="#T1">T1. How can I use fetchmail with qmail?</a><br>
<a href="#T2">T2. How can I use fetchmail with exim?</a><br>
<a href="#T3">T3. How can I use fetchmail with smail?</a><br>
<a href="#T4">T4. How can I use fetchmail with Lotus Notes?</a><br>
<h1>Runtime fatal errors:</h1>
<a href="#R1">R1. I think I've set up fetchmail correctly, but I'm not getting any mail.</a><br>
<a href="#R2">R2. Fetchmail isn't working, and -v shows `SMTP connect failed' messages.</a><br>
<a href="#R3">R3. When I try to configure an MDA, fetchmail doesn't work.</a><br>
<a href="#R4">R4. Fetchmail dumps core in -V mode, but operates normally otherwise.</a><br>
<a href="#R5">R5. Mail that was being fetched when I interrupted my fetchmail seems to have been vanished.</a></br>
<a href="#R6">R6. Fetchmail dumps core when I use a .netrc file but works otherwise.</a><br>
<a href="#R7">R7. All my mail seems to disappear after an interrupt.</a><br>
<h1>Multidrop-mode problems:</h1>
<a href="#M1">M1. I've declared local names, but all my multidrop mail is going to root anyway.</a><br>
<a href="#M2">M2. I can't seem to get fetchmail to route to a local domain properly.</a><br>
<a href="#M3">M3. I tried to run a mailing list using multidrop, and I have a mail loop!</a><br>
<a href="#M4">M4. My multidrop fetchmail seems to be having DNS problems.</a><br>
<a href="#M5">M5. I'm seeing long DNS delays before each message is processed.</a><br>
<a href="#M6">M6. How do I get multidrop mode to work with majordomo?</a>
<h1>Mangled mail:</h1>
<a href="#X1">X1. Why is fetched mail being logged with my name, not the real From address?</a><br>
<a href="#X2">X2. Spurious blank lines are appearing in the headers of fetched mail.</a><br>
<a href="#X3">X3. My mail client can't see a Subject line.</a><br>
<a href="#X4">X4. Messages containing "From" at start of line are being split.</a><br>
<h1>Other Problems:</h1>
<a href="#O1">O1. The --logfile option doesn't work if the logfile doesn't exist.</a><br>
<a href="#O2">O2. Every time I get a POP or IMAP message the header is
dumped to all my terminal sessions.</a><br>
<h1>Answers:</h1>
<hr>
<h2><a name="G1">G1. What is fetchmail and why should I bother?</a></h2>
Fetchmail is a one-stop solution to the remote mail retrieval problem
for Unix machines, quite useful to anyone with an intermittent PPP or
SLIP connection to a remote mailserver. It can collect mail using any
variant of POP or IMAP and forwards via port 25 to the local SMTP
listener, enabling all the normal forwarding/filtering/aliasing
mechanisms that would apply to local mail or mail arriving via a
full-time TCP/IP connection.<p>
Fetchmail is not a toy or a coder's learning exercise, but an
industrial-strength tool capable of transparently handling every
retrieval demand from those of a simple single-user ISP connection up
to mail retrieval and rerouting for an entire client domain.
Fetchmail is easy to configure, unobtrusive in operation, powerful,
feature-rich, and well documented. Extensive testing by a large,
multi-platform user community has shown that it is as near bulletproof
as the underlying protocols permit.<p>
If you found this FAQ in the distribution, see the README for fetchmail's
full feature list.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="G2">G2. Where do I find the latest FAQ and fetchmail
sources?</a></h2>
The latest HTML faq is available alongside the latest fetchmail
sources at the fetchmail home page:
<a href="http://www.ccil.org/~esr/fetchmail">
http://www.ccil.org/~esr/fetchmail</a>. You can also find
both in the <a
href="http://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/mail/pop/!INDEX.html">POP
mail tools directory on Sunsite</a>.<p>
A text dump of this FAQ is included in the fetchmail
distribution. Because it freezes at distribution release time, it may
not be completely current.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="G3">G3. I think I've found a bug. Will you fix it?</a></h2>
Yes I will, provided you include enough diagnostic information for me
to go on. When reporting bugs, please include the following:
<ol>
<li>Your operating system and compiler version.
<li>The release and patch level of the fetchmail you are running. You can see
your patchlevel by typing `fetchmail -V'.
<li>The output of fetchmail -V (this will not reveal your password).
<li>Any command-line options you used.
</ol>
It is helpful if you include your .fetchmailrc, but not necessary
unless your symptom seems to involve an error in configuration parsing.<p>
A transcript of the failed session with -v on is almost always useful.
If the bug involves a core dump or hang, a gdb stack trace is good to have.
(Bear in mind that you can attach gdb to a running but hung process by
giving the process ID as a second argument.) You will need to
reconfigure with <p>
<LISTING>
CFLAGS=-g LDFLAGS=" " ./configure
</LISTING>
and then rebuild in order to generate a version that can br gdb-traced.<p>
Best of all is a mail file which, when fetched, will reproduce the
bug under the latest (current) version.<p>
Any bug I can reproduce will usually get fixed very quickly, often
within 48 hours. Bugs I can't reproduce are a crapshoot. If the
solution isn't obvious when I first look, it may evade me for a long
time (or to put it another way, fetchmail is well enough tested that the
easy bugs have long since been found). So if you want your bug fixed
rapidly, it is not just sufficient but nearly <em>necessary</em> that
you give me a way to reproduce it.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="G4">G4. I have this idea for a neat feature. Will you add it?</a></h2>
Probably not. Most of the feature suggestions I get are for ways to
set various kinds of administrative policy or add more spam filtering
(the most common one, which I used to get about four million times a week
and got <em>really</em> tired of, is for tin-like kill files).<p>
You can do spam filtering better with procmail or mailagent on the
server side and (if you're the server sysadmin) sendmail.cf domain
exclusions. You can do other policy things better with the
<CODE>mda</CODE> option and script wrappers around fetchmail. If
it's a prime-time-vs.-non-prime-time issue, ask yourself whether a
wrapper script called from crontab would do the job.<p>
I'm not going to do these; fetchmail's job is transport, not policy, and I
refuse to change it from doing one thing well to attempting many things badly.
One of my objectives is to keep fetchmail simple so it stays reliable.<p>
All that said, if you have a feature idea that really is about a transport
problem that can't be handled anywhere but fetchmail, lay it on me. I'm
very accommodating about good ideas.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="G5">G5. So, what's this I hear about a fetchmail paper?</a></h2>
Now it can be told! The fetchmail development was also a sociological
experiment, an extended test to see if my theory about the critical
features of the Linux development model is correct.<p>
The experiment was a success. I wrote a paper about it titled
<a href="http://www.ccil.org/~esr/writings/cathedral.html">The
Cathedral and the Bazaar</a> which was first presented at Linux
Kongress '97 in Bavaria and very well received there. <p>
If you're reading a non-HTML dump of this FAQ, you can find the paper
on the Web with a search for that title.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="F1">F1. Why does my .fetchmailrc from 3.9 or earlier no longer work?</a></h2>
Probably it's because you're using a .fetchmailrc that's
written in the old popclient syntax without an explicit `username'
keyword leading the first user entry attached to a server entry.<p>
This error can be triggered by having a user option such as `<CODE>keep</CODE>'
or `<CODE>fetchall</CODE>' before the first explicit username. For
example, if you write<p>
<pre>
poll openmail protocol pop3
keep user "Hal DeVore" there is hdevore here
</pre>
the `<CODE>keep</CODE>' option will generate an entire user entry with the default
username (the name of fetchmail's invoking user).<p>
The popclient compatibility syntax was removed in 4.0. It complicated
the configuration file grammar and confused users.<p>
Also, the `<CODE>interface</CODE>', `<CODE>monitor</CODE>' and
`<CODE>batchlimit</CODE>' options changed after 2.8.<p>
They used to be global options with `set' syntax like the batchlimit
and logfile options. Now they're per-server options, like `protocol'.<p>
If you had something like<p>
<pre>
set interface = "sl0/10.0.2.15"
</pre>
in your .fetchmailrc file, simply delete that line and insert
`interface sl0/10.0.2.15' in the server options part of your `defaults'
declaration.<p>
Do similarly for any `<CODE>monitor</CODE>' or `<CODE>batchlimit</CODE>' options.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="F2">F2. The .fetchmailrc parser won't accept my all-numeric user name.</a></h2>
So put string quotes around it. :-)<p>
The configuration file parser treats any all-numeric token as a
number, which will confuse it when it's expecting a name. String
quoting forces the token's class.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="F3">F3. The .fetchmailrc parser won't accept my host or username beginning with `no'.</a></h2>
You're caught in an unfortunate crack between the newer-style syntax
for negated options (`no keep', `no rewrite' etc.) and the older style
run-on syntax (`nokeep', `norewrite' etc.).<p>
You can work around this easily. Just put string quotes around your
token.<p>
I haven't fixed this because there is no good fix for it short of
implementing a token pushback stack in the lexer. That's more
additional complexity than I'm willing to add to banish a very
marginal bug with an easy workaround.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="F4">F4. I'm migrating from popclient. How do I need to modify my .poprc?</a></h2>
If you have been using popclient (the ancestor of this program)
at version 3.0b6 or later, start with this<p>
<pre>
(cd ~; mv ~/.poprc ~/.fetchmailrc)
</pre>
in order to migrate. Be aware that some of popclient's unnecessary
options have been removed (see the NOTES file in the distribution for
explanation). You can't deliver to a local mail file anymore or to
standard output any more, and using an MDA for delivery is
discouraged. If you throw those options away, fetchmail will now
forward your mail into your system's normal Internet-mail delivery
path.<p>
Actually, using an MDA is now almost always the wrong thing; the MDA
facility has been retained only for people who can't or won't run a
sendmail-like SMTP listener on port 25. The default, SMTP forwarding
to port 25, is better for at least two major reasons. One: it feeds
retrieved POP and IMAP mail into your system's normal delivery path
along with local mail and normal Internet mail, so all your normal
filtering/aliasing/forwarding setup for local mail works. Two:
because the port 25 listener returns a positive acknowledge, fetchmail
can be sure you're not going to lose mail to a disk-full or some other
resource-exhaustion problem.<p>
If you used to use <CODE>-mda "procmail -d</CODE>
<em><you></em><CODE>"</CODE> or something similar, forward to port
25 and do "<CODE>| procmail -d</CODE> <em><you></em><CODE>"</CODE> in
your ~/.forward file.<p>
As long as your new .fetchmailrc file does not use the removed
`localfolder' option or `<CODE>limit</CODE>' (which now takes a maximum byte size
rather than a line count), a straight move or copy of your .poprc will
often work. (The new run control file syntax also has to be a little
stricter about the order of options than the old, in order to support
multiple user descriptions per server; thus you may have to rearrange
things a bit.)<p>
Run control files in the minimal .poprc format (without the `username'
token) will trigger a warning. To eliminate this warning, add the
`<CODE>username</CODE>' keyword before your first user entry per server (it is
already required before second and subsequent user entries per server.<p>
In some future version the `<CODE>username</CODE>' keyword will be required.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="C1">C1. Why do I need a .fetchmailrc when running as root on my own machine?</a></h2>
Ian T. Zimmerman <itz@rahul.net> asked:<p>
On the machine where I'm the only real user, I run fetchmail as root
from a cron job, like this:<p>
<pre>
fetchmail -u "itz" -p POP3 -s bolero.rahul.net
</pre>
This used to work as is (with no .fetchmailrc file in root's home
directory) with the last version I had (1.7 or 1.8, I don't
remember). But with 2.0, it RECPs all mail to the local root user,
unless I create a .fetchmailrc in root's home directory containing:<p>
<pre>
skip bolero.rahul.net proto POP3
user itz is itz
</pre>
It won't work if the second line is just "<CODE>user itz</CODE>". This is silly.<p>
It seems fetchmail decides to RECP the `default local user' (ie. the
uid running fetchmail) unless there are local aliases, and the
`default' aliases (itz->itz) don't count. They should.<p>
Answer:<p>
No they shouldn't. I thought about this for a while, and I don't much
like the conclusion I reached, but it's unavoidable. The problem is
that fetchmail has no way to know, in general, that a local user `itz'
actually exists.<p>
"Ah!" you say, "Why doesn't it check the password file to see if the remote
name matches a local one?" Well, there are two reasons.<p>
One: it's not always possible. Suppose you have an SMTP host declared
that's not the machine fetchmail is running on? You lose.<p>
Two: How do you know server itz and SMTP-host itz are the same person?
They might not be, and fetchmail shouldn't assume they are unless
local-itz can explicitly produce credentials to prove it (that is, the
server-itz password in local-itz's .fetchmailrc file.).<p>
Once you start running down possible failure modes and thinking about
ways to tinker with the mapping rules, you'll quickly find that all the
alternatives to the present default are worse or unacceptably
more complicated or both.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="C2">C2. How can I arrange for a fetchmail daemon to get killed when I log out?</a></h2>
Fetchmail versions before 2.3 actually used SIGHUP as a wakeup signal.
Newer versions use SIGUSR1 for wakeup (and SIGHUP only in
background-daemon mode) in order to avoid any potential confusion
about logout-time behavior. The right way to dispatch fetchmail on
logout is to arrange for the command `fetchmail -q' to be called on
logout.<p>
Under bash, you can arrange this by putting `fetchmail -q' in the file
`~/.bash_logout'. Most csh variants execute `~/.logout' on logout.
For other shells, consult your shell manual page.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="C3">C3. How do I know what interface and address to use with --interface?</a></h2>
This depends a lot on your local networking configuration (and right
now you can't use it at all except under Linux). However, here are
some important rules of thumb that can help. If they don't work, ask
your local sysop or your Internet provider.<p>
First, you may not need to use --interface at all. If your machine
only ever does SLIP or PPP to one provider, it's almost certainly by a
point to point modem connection to your provider's local subnet that's
pretty secure against snooping (unless someone can tap your phone or
the provider's local subnet!). Under these circumstances, specifying
an interface address is fairly pointless.<p>
What the option is really for is sites that use more than one
provider. Under these circumstances, typically one of your provider
IP addresses is your mailserver (reachable fairly securely via the
modem and provider's subnet) but the others might ship your packets
(including your password) over unknown portions of the general
Internet that could be vulnerable to snooping. What you'll use
--interface for is to make sure your password only goes over the
one secure link.<p>
To determine the device:<p>
<ol>
<li> If you're using a SLIP link, the correct device is probably sl0.
<li> If you're using a PPP link, the correct device is probably ppp0.
<li> If you're using a direct connection over a local network such as
an ethernet, use the command `netstat -r' to look at your routing table.
Try to match your mailserver name to a destination entry; if you don't
see it in the first column, use the `default' entry. The device name
will be in the rightmost column.
</ol>
To determine the address and netmask:<p>
<ol>
<li> If you're talking to slirp, the correct address is probably 10.0.2.15,
with no netmask specified. (It's possible to configure slirp to present
other addresses, but that's the default.)
<li> If you have a static IP address, run `ifconfig <device>', where <device>
is whichever one you've determined. Use the IP address given after
"inet addr:". That is the IP address for your end of the link, and is
what you need. You won't need to specify a netmask.
<li> If you have a dynamic IP address, your connection IP will vary randomly
over some given range (that is, some number of the least significant bits
change from connection to connection). You need to declare an address
with the variable bits zero and a complementary netmask that sets
the range.
</ol>
To illustrate the rule for dynamic IP addresses, let's suppose you're
hooked up via SLIP and your IP provider tells you that the dynamic
address pool is 255 addresses ranging from 205.164.136.1 to
205.164.136.255. Then<p>
<pre>
interface "sl0/205.164.136.0/255.255.255.0"
</pre>
would work. To range over any value of the last two octets
(65536 addresses) you would use<p>
<pre>
interface "sl0/205.164.0.0/255.255.0.0"
</pre>
<hr>
<h2><a name="C4">C4. How can I get fetchmail to work with ssh?</a></h2>
We have two recipes for this. The first is a little easier to set up,
but only supports one user at a time.<P>
First, a lightly edited version of a recipe from Masafumi NAKANE:<p>
1. You must have ssh (the ssh client) on the local host and sshd (ssh
server) on the remote mail server. And, you have to configure ssh so
you can login to the sshd server host without a password. (Refer to ssh
man page for several authentication methods.)<p>
2. Add something like following to your .fetchmailrc file: <p>
<pre>
poll localhost port 1234 with pop3:
preconnect "ssh -f -L 1234:mailhost:110 mailhost sleep 20 </dev/null >/dev/null";
</pre>
(Note that 1234 can be an arbitrary port number. Privileged ports can
be specified only by root.) The effect of this ssh command is to
forward connections made to localhost port 1234 (in above example) to
mailhost's 110.<p>
This configuration will enable secure mail transfer. All the
conversation between fetchmail and remote pop server will be
encrypted.<p>
If sshd is not running on the remote mail server, you can specify
intermediate host running it. If you do this, however, communication
between the machine running sshd and the POP server will not be encrypted.
And the preconnect line would be like this:<p>
<pre>
preconnect "ssh -f -L 1234:mailhost:110 sshdhost sleep 20 </dev/null >/dev/null"
</pre>
You can work this trick with IMAP too, but the port number 110 in the
above would need to become 143.<p>
Second, a recipe frm Charlie Brady <cbrady@ind.tansu.com.au>.
Charlie says: "The [previous] recipe certainly works, but
the solution I post here is better in a few respects":
<UL>
<LI>this method will not fail if two or more users attempt to use fetchmail
simultaneously.
<LI>you are able to use the full facilities of tcpd to control access
<LI>this method does not depend on the preconnect feature of fetchmail, so
can be used for tunneling of other services as well.
</UL>
Here are the steps:
<OL>
<LI>
Make sure that the "socket" program is installed on the server machine.
<LI>
Set up an unprivileged account on your system with a .ssh directory
containing an SSH identity file "identity" with no pass phrase,
"identity.pub" and "known_hosts" containing the host key of your
mailhost. Let's call this account "noddy".
<LI>
On mailhost, set up no-password access for noddy@yourhost. Add to your
SSH authorised_keys file:
<PRE>
command="socket localhost 110",no-port-forwarding 1024 ......
</PRE>
where "<code>1024</code> ......" is the content of noddy's identity.pub file.
<LI>
Create a script /usr/local/bin/ssh.fm and make it executable:
<PRE>
#! /bin/sh
exec ssh -q -C -l your.login.id -e none mailhost socket localhost 110
</PRE>
<LI>
Add an entry in inetd.conf for whatever port you choose to use - say:
<PRE>
1234 stream tcp nowait noddy /usr/sbin/tcpd /usr/local/bin/ssh.fm
</PRE>
<LI>
Send a HUP signal to your inetd.
</OL>
Now just use localhost:1234 to access your POP server.<P>
<hr>
<h2><a name="C5">C5. How can I set up support for sendmail's anti-spam 571 response?</a></h2>
Rachel Polanskis <r.polanskis@nepean.uws.edu.au> writes:<p>
Basically you need to use the "check_*" rules in sendmail.
These are rules introduced since version 8.8.2<p>
The idea is to generate a list of domains and addresses that are placed into
a file - I call mine "sendmail.rej" and you place just one domain
or email address on each line. During the SMTP transaction, this file
is checked and if there is a match, the message is refused, with
a suitable "Service not available" message sent back to the sender.<p>
With the feature enabled in fetchmail, the mail is simply deleted,
with no further processing.<p>
The only drawback when blocking spam with fetchmail is that you
do not get the satisfaction of sending an error back to the sender.<p>
To actually use the check_mail rules in sendmail 8.8.2 or better,
you need to know how to generate a sendmail.cf file from the m4
config files distributed with sendmail.<p>
The actual rules can be found at the following URLS:<p>
<a href="http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/%7Eca/email/check.html">
http://www.informatik.uni-kiel.de/%7Eca/email/check.html</a><p>
This one is by Claus Aßman, who has documented more of sendmail then
I can digest!
The actual setup I used though was by David Begley, who has put together
a WWW page describing how to quickly implement these rules yourself.<p>
<a href="http://www.nepean.uws.edu.au/users/david/pe/blockmail.html">
http://www.nepean.uws.edu.au/users/david/pe/blockmail.html</a><p>
David's pages could be moving shortly. I will post an update if it happens.<p>
Remember, when copying these rulesets off the web, that there are tabs
embedded in them, that may not be preserved. You <em>must</em> reintroduce
these tabs into the rules to make them work properly. <p>
Once you have your ruleset in place, and have generated a nice sendmail.cf
file, and the list of blocked sites, try telneting to your
SMTP port to test it, and send a message with a blocked address in it.<p>
You should see a message similar to:<p>
<pre>
"571 unsolicited email is refused"
</pre>
Next, if you have access to a host that you can send mail from, that
is <em>not</em> your mail host, add that host to your spamlist and
restart sendmail.<p>
Send a message to your mailing address from that host and then pop off
the message with fetchmail, using the -v argument. You can monitor
the SMTP transaction, and when the FROM address is parsed, if sendmail
sees that it is an address in spamlist, fetchmail will flush and
delete it.<p>
Under no circumstances put your <strong>mailhost</strong> or <strong>any host
you accept mail from</strong> using fetchmail into your reject file. You
<strong>will</strong> lose mail if you do this!!!<p>
The check_ rules work, and they work well. Coupled with fetchmail's
ability to respond to the appropriate error messages, you can be assured
of never seeing a spam from any address you put in the reject list.<p>
The only thing that is missing, as mentioned previously, is the ability
to allow sendmail to process the message further and generate an error
message to the sender. <p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="C6">C6. How can I do automatic startup/shutdown of fetchmail
when I may have multiple login sessions going?</a></h2>
In the contrib subdirectory of the fetchmail distribution there is
some shell code you can add to your .bash_login and .bash_logout
profiles that will accomplish this. Thank James Laferriere
<babydr@nwrain.net> for it.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="T1">T1. How can I use fetchmail with qmail?</a></h2>
Turn on the <CODE>forcecr</CODE> option; qmail's listener mode doesn't like
header or message lines terminated with bare linefeeds.<p>
(This information is thanks to Robert de Bath
<robert@mayday.cix.co.uk>.)<p>
If a mailhost is using the qmail package (see <a
href="http://pobox.com/~djb/qmail.html">http://pobox.com/~djb/qmail.html</a>)
then, providing the local hosts are also using qmail, it is possible
to setup one fetchmail link to be reliably collect the mail for an
entire domain.<p>
One of the basic features of qmail is the `Delivered-To:' message
header. Whenever qmail deliver a message to a local mailbox it puts
the username and hostname of the envelope recipient on this line. The
major reason for this is to prevent mail loops. <p>
To set up qmail to batch mail for a disconnected site the isp-mailhost
will have normally put that site in its `virtualhosts' control file so
it will add a prefix to all mail addresses for this site. This results
in mail sent to 'username@userhost.userdom.dom.com' having a
'Delivered-To:' line of the form:<p>
<pre>
Delivered-To: mbox-userstr-username@userhost.userdom.dom.com
</pre>
A single host maildrop will be slightly simpler:
<pre>
Delivered-To: mbox-userstr-username@userhost.dom.com
</pre>
The ISP can make the 'mbox-userstr-' prefix anything they choose
but a string matching the user host name is likely.<p>
To use this line you must:<p>
<ol>
<li>Ensure the option `envelope Delivered-To:' is in the fetchmail
config file.
<li>Ensure you have a localdomains containing 'userdom.dom.com' or
`userhost.dom.com' respectively.
</ol>
So far this reliably delivers messages to the correct machine of the
local network, to deliver to the correct user the 'mbox-userstr-'
prefix must be stripped off of the user name. This can be done by
setting up an alias within the qmail MTA on each local machine.
Simply create a dot-qmail file called '.qmail-mbox-userstr-default'
in the alias directory (normally /var/qmail/alias) with the contents:<p>
<pre>
| ../bin/qmail-inject -a -f"$SENDER" "${LOCAL#mbox-userstr-}@$HOST}"
</pre>
Note this <em>does</em> require a modern /bin/sh.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="T2">T2. How can I use fetchmail with exim?</a></h2><p>
By default, the exim listener enforces the the RFC1123 requirement
that MAIL FROM addresses you pass to it have to be canonical
(e.g. with a fully qualified hostname part). <p>
This is a potential problem if the MTAs upstream from your fetchmail
don't necessarily pass canonicalized From and Return-Path addresses,
and fetchmail's <CODE>rewrite</CODE> option is off. The specific case
where this has come up involves bounce messages generated by sendmail
on your mailer host, which have the (un-canonicalized) origin address
MAILER-DAEMON.<p>
The right way to fix this is to enable the <CODE>rewrite</CODE> option and
have fetchmail canonicalize From and Return-Path addresses with the
mailserver hostname before exim sees them.<p>
If you must run with <CODE>rewrite</CODE> off, there is a switch in exim's
configuration files that allows it to accept domainless MAIL FROM
addresses; you will have to flip it by putting the line <p>
<pre>
sender_unqualified_hosts = localhost
</pre>
in the main section of the exim configuration file. Note that this
will result in such messages having an incorrect domain name attached
to their return address (your SMTP listener's hostname rather than
that of the remote mail server). <p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="T3">T3. How can I use fetchmail with smail?</a></h2><p>
Smail 3.2 is very nearly plug-compatible with sendmail, and will work
fine out of the box.<P>
We have one report that when processing multiple messages from a
single fetchmail session, smail sometimes delivers them in an
order other than received-date order. This can be annoying because it
scrambles conversational threads. This is not fetchmail's problem,
it is an smail "feature" and has been reported to the maintainers
as a bug.<P>
<hr>
<h2><a name="T4">T4. How can I use fetchmail with Lotus Notes?</a></h2><p>
The Lotus Notes SMTP gateway tries to deduce when it should convert \n
to \r\n, but its rules are not intuitive. Use `forcecr'.<P>
<hr>
<h2><a name="R1">R1. I think I've set up fetchmail correctly, but I'm not getting any mail.</a></h2>
Maybe you have a .forward or alias set up that you've forgotten about. You
should probably remove it.<p>
Or maybe you're trying to run fetchmail in multidrop mode as root
without a .fetchmailrc file. This doesn't do what you think it
should; see question <a href="#C1">C1</a>.<p>
Or you may not be connecting to the SMTP listener. Run fetchmail -v
and see the next question.<p>
<hr>
<h2>R2. Fetchmail isn't working, and -v shows `SMTP connect failed' messages.</a></h2>
Fetchmail itself is probably working, but your SMTP port 25 listener
is down or inaccessible.<p>
The first thing to check is if you can telnet to port 25 on your smtp
host (which is normally `localhost' unless you've specified an smtp
option in your .fetchmailrc or on the command line) and get a greeting
line from the listener. If the SMTP host is inaccessible or the listener
is down, fix that first.<p>
If the listener seems to be up when you test with telnet, the most
benign and typical problem is that the listener had a momentary seizure
due to resource exhaustion while fetchmail was polling it -- process
table full or some other problem that stopped the listener process
from forking. If your SMTP host is not `localhost' or something else
in /etc/hosts, the fetchmail glitch could also have been caused by
transient nameserver failure. <p>
Try running fetchmail -v again; if it succeeds, you had one of these
kinds of transient glitch. You can ignore these hiccups, because a
future fetchmail run will get the mail through. <p>
If the listener tests up, but you have chronic failures trying to
connect to it anyway, your problem is more serious. One way to work
around chronic SMTP connect problems is to use --mda. But this only
attacks the symptom; you may have a DNS or TCP routing problem. You
should really try to figure out what's going on underneath before it
bites you some other way. <p>
We have one report (from toby@eskimo.com) that you can sometimes solve
such problems by doing an <CODE>smtp</CODE> declaration with an IP
address that your routing table maps to something other than the
loopback device (he used ppp0).<p>
We had another report from a Linux user of fetchmail 2.1 who solved his SMTP
connection problem by removing the reference to -lresolv from his link
line and relinking. Apparently in some recent Linux distributions the
libc bind library version works better.<p>
As of 2.2, the configure script has been hacked so the bind library is
linked only if it is actually needed. So under Linux it won't be, and
this particular cause should go away.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="R3">R3. When I try to configure an MDA, fetchmail doesn't work.</a></h2>
(I hear this one from people who have run into the blank-line problem in <a href="#X2">X2</a>.)<p>
Try sending yourself test mail and retrieving it using the
command-line options `<CODE>-k -m cat</CODE>'. This will dump exactly what
fetchmail retrieves to standard output. <p>
If the dump doesn't match what shows up in your mailbox when you
configure an MDA, your MDA is mangling the message. If it doesn't
match what you sent, then fetchmail or something on the server is
broken.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="R4">R4. Fetchmail dumps core in -V mode, but operates normally otherwise.</a></h2>
We've had this reported to us under Linux using libc-5.4.17 and gcc-2.7.2.
It does not occur with libc-5.3.12 or earlier versions.<p>
Workaround: link with GNU malloc rather than the stock C library malloc.<p>
We're told there is some problem with the malloc() code in that
version which makes it fragile in the presence of multiple free()
calls on the same pointer (the malloc arena gets corrupted).
Unfortunately it appears from doing gdb traces that whatever free()
calls producing the problem are being made by the C library itself, not the
fetchmail code (they're all from within fclose, and not an fclose called
by fetchmail, either).<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="R5">R5. Mail that was being fetched when I interrupted my fetchmail seems to have been vanished.</a></h2>
Fetchmail only sends a delete mail request to the server when either
(a) it gets a positive delivery acknowledgement from the SMTP
listener, or (b) it gets an error 571 (the spam-filter error) from the
listener. No interrupt can cause it to lose mail.<p>
However, POP3 has a design problem in that its servers mark a message
`seen' as soon as the fetch command to get it is sent down. If for
some reason the message isn't actually delivered (you take a line hit
during the download, or your port 25 listener can't find enough free
disk space, or you interrupt the delivery in mid-message) that `seen'
message can lurk invisibly in your server mailbox forever.<p>
Workaround: add the `<CODE>fetchall</CODE>' keyword to your POP3 fetch options.<p>
Solution: switch to an <a
href="http://www.washington.edu/imap">IMAP</a> server.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="R6">R6. Fetchmail dumps core when I use a .netrc file but works otherwise.</a></h2>
We have a report that under Solaris 2.5 using gcc-2.7.2, if fetchmail
is compiled with -O or -O2, it segfaults on startup when reading a
.netrc.<p>
You can work around this by disabling optimization.<p>
There may be an actual bug here that the optimizer exposes; the stack
trace says the segfault is in free() and has all the earmarks of a heap-
corruption screw. But the symptom doesn't reproduce under Linux with the
same .fetchmailrc and .netrc.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="R7">R7. All my mail seems to disappear after an interrupt.</a></h2>
One POP3 daemon used in the Berkeley Unix world that reports itself as
Pop3 version 1.004 actually throws the queue away. 1.005 fixed that.
If you're running this one, upgrade immediately.<P>
Many POP servers, if an interruption occurs, will restore the whole
mail queue after about 10 minutes. Others will restore it right
away. If you have an interruption and don't see it right away, cross
your fingers and wait ten minutes brfore retrying.<P>
Some servers (such as Microsoft's NTMail) are mis-designed to restore
the entire queue, including messages you have deleted. If you have
one of these and it flakes out on you a lot, try setting a small
<code>--fetchlimit</code> value. This will result in more IP connects
to the server but will mean it actually executes changes to the queue
more often.<P>
Qualcomm's qpopper, used at many BSD Unix sites, is better behaved.
If its connection is dropped, it will first execute all DELE commands (as
though you had issued an QUIT -- this is a technical violation of
the RFCs, but a good idea in a world of flaky phone lines). Then it
will re-queue any message that was being downloaded at hangup time.
Still, qpopper may require a noticeable amount of time to do deletions
and clean up its queue. (Fetchmail waits a bit before retrying in
order to avoid a `lock busy' error.)<P>
<hr>
<h2><a name="M1">M1. I've declared local names, but all my multidrop
mail is going to root anyway.</a></h2>
Somehow your fetchmail is never matching the hostname part of
recipient names to the name of the mailserver machine. This probably
means it is unable to recognize hostname parts as being DNS names of
the mailserver, and indicates some kind of DNS configuration
problem either on the server or your client machine. <p>
The easiest workaround is to write enough aka declarations to cover
all of your mailserver's aliases, then say `no dns'. This will take
DNS out of the picture (though it means mail may be uncollected if
it's sent to an alias of the server that you don't have listed). <p>
It would be better to fix your DNS, however. DNS problems can hurt
you in lots of ways, for example by making your machines
intermittently or permanently unreachable to the rest of the net.<P>
<hr>
<h2><a name="M2">M2. I can't seem to get fetchmail to route to a local domain properly.</a></h2>
A lot of people want to use fetchmail as a poor man's internetwork
mail gateway, picking up mail accumulated for a whole domain in a single
server mailbox and then routing based on what's in the To/Cc/Bcc lines.<p>
In general, this is not really a good idea. It would be smarter to
just let the mail sit in the mailserver's queue and use fetchmail's
ETRN mode to trigger SMTP sends periodically (of course, this means
you have to poll more frequently than the mailserver's expiry period).
If you can't arrange this, try setting up a UUCP feed.<P>
If neither of these alternatives is available, multidrop mode may do
(though you <em>are</em> going to get hurt by some mailing list
software; see the caveats under THE USE AND ABUSE OF MULTIDROP
MAILBOXES on the man page). If you want to try it, the way to do it
is with the `<CODE>localdomains</CODE>' option.<p>
In general, if you use localdomains you need to make sure of two other
things: <p>
<strong>1. You've actually set up your .fetchmailrc entry to invoke multidrop mode.</strong><p>
Many people set a `<CODE>localdomains</CODE>' list and then forget
that fetchmail wants to see more than one name (or the wildcard `*')
in a `<CODE>here</CODE>' list before it will do multidrop routing.<p>
<strong>2. You may have to set `no envelope'.</strong><p>
Normally, multidrop mode tries to deduce an envelope address from a message
before parsing the To/Cc/Bcc lines (this enables it to avoid losing to mailing
list software that doesn't put a recipient addess in the To lines).<p>
Some ways of accumulating a whole domain's messages in a single server
mailbox mean it all ends up with a single envelope address that is
useless for rerouting purposes. You may have to set `<CODE>no
envelope</CODE>' to prevent fetchmail from being bamboozled by this.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="M3">M3. I tried to run a mailing list using multidrop, and I have a mail loop!</a></h2>
This isn't fetchmail's fault. Check your mailing list. If the list
expansion includes yourself or anybody else at your mailserver (that is, not on
the client side) you've created a mail loop. Just chop the host part off any
local addresses in the list.<p>
If you use sendmail, you can check the list expansion with
<CODE>sendmail -bv</CODE>.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="M4">M4. My multidrop fetchmail seems to be having DNS problems.</a></h2>
We have one report from a Linux user (not the same one as in <a
href="#R2">R2</a>!) who solved this problem by removing the reference
to -lresolv from his link line and relinking. Apparently in some
recent Linux distributions the libc bind library version works
better.<p>
As of 2.2, the configure script has been hacked so the bind library is linked
only if it is actually needed. So under Linux it won't be, and this problem
should go away.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="M5">M5. I'm seeing long DNS delays before each message is processed.</a></h2>
Use the `<CODE>aka</CODE>' option to pre-declare as many of your
mailserver's DNS names as you can. When an address's host part
matches an aka name, no DNS lookup needs to be done to check it.<p>
If you're sure you've pre-declared all of your mailserver's DNS dames,
you can use the `<CODE>no dns</CODE>' option to prevent other hostname
parts from being looked up at all.<p>
Sometimes delays are unavoidable. Some SMTP listeners try to call DNS
on the From-address hostname as a way of checking that the address is valid.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="M6">M6. How do I get multidrop mode to work with majordomo?</a></h2>
In order for sendmail to execute the command strings in the majordomo
alias file, it is necessary for sendmail to think that the mail it
receives via SMTP really is destined for a local user name. A normal
virtual-domain setup results in delivery to the default mailbox,
rather than expansion through majordomo.<P>
Michael <michael@bizsystems.com> gave us a recipe for dealing
with this case that pairs a run control file like this:<P>
<pre>
poll your.pop3.server proto pop3:
no envelope no dns
localdomains virtual.localdomain1.com virtual.localdomain2.com ...
user yourISPusername is root * here,
password yourISPpassword fetchall
</pre>
with a hack on your local sendmail.cf like this:<P>
<pre>
#############################################
# virtual info, local hack for ruleset 98 #
#############################################
# domains to treat as direct mapped local domain
CVvirtual.localdomain1.com virtual.localdomain2.com ...
---------------------------
in ruleset 98 add
-------------------------
# handle virtual users
R$+ <@ $=V . > $: $1 < @ $j . >
R< @ > $+ < @ $=V . > $: $1 < @ $j . >
R< @ > $+ $: $1
R< error : $- $+ > $* $#error $@ $1 $: $2
R< $+ > $+ < @ $+ > $: $>97 $1
</pre>
This ruleset just strips virtual domain names off the addresses of incoming
mail. Your sendmail must be 8.8 or newer for this to work. Michael
says:<P>
<BLOCKQUOTE>
I use this scheme with 2 virtual domains and the default ISP
user+domain and service about 30 mail accounts + majordomo on my
inside pop3 server with fetchmail and sendmail 8.83<P>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<hr>
<h2><a name="X1">X1. Why is fetched mail being logged with my name, not the real From address?</a></h2>
Because logging is done based on the address indicated by the sending
SMTP's MAIL FROM, and some listeners are picky about that address.<p>
Some SMTP listeners get upset if you try to hand them a MAIL FROM
address naming a different host than the originating site for your
connection. This is a feature, not a bug -- it's supposed to help
prevent people from forging mail with a bogus origin site. (RFC 1123
says you shouldn't do this exclusion...)<p>
Since the originating site of a fetchmail delivery connection is
localhost, this effectively means these picky listeners will barf on
any MAIL FROM address fetchmail hands them with an @ in it!<p>
In versions up to 1.9.9 this led to pesky errors at some sites.
Because of this, I hacked 2.0 to just use the calling user ID
as the MAIL FROM address.<p>
Versions 2.1 and up try the header From address first and fall back to
the calling-user ID. So if your SMTP listener isn't picky, the log
will look right.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="X2">X2. Spurious blank lines are appearing in the headers of fetched mail.</a></h2>
What's probably happening is that the POP/IMAP daemon on your
mailserver is inserting a non-RFC822 header (like X-POP3-Rcpt:) and
something in your delivery path (most likely an old version of the
<em>deliver</em> program, which sendmail often calls to do local delivery) is
failing to recognize it as a header.<p>
This is not fetchmail's problem. The first thing to try is installing
a current version of <em>deliver</em>. If this doesn't work, try to
figure out which other program in your mail path is inserting the
blank line and replace that. If you can't do either of these things,
pick a different MDA (such as procmail) and declare it with the
`<CODE>mda</CODE>' option.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="X3">X3. My mail client can't see a Subject line.</a></h2>
First, see <a href="#X2">X2</a>. This is quite probably the same
problem (X-POP3-Rcpt header or something similar being inserted by
the server and choked on by an old version of <em>deliver</em>).<p>
The O'Reilly sendmail book does warn that IDA sendmail doesn't process
X- headers correctly. If this is your problem, all I can suggest is
replacing IDA sendmail, because it's broken and not RFC822 conformant.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="X4">X4. Messages containing "From" at start of line are being split.</a></h2>
If you know the messages aren't split in your server mailbox, then this
is a problem with your POP/IMAP server, your client-side SMTP listener or
your local delivery agent. Fetchmail cannot split messages.<p>
Some POP daemons ignore Content-Length headers and split messages on
From lines. We have one report that the 2.1 version of the BSD popper
program (as distributed on Solaris 2.5 and elsewhere) is broken this way.<p>
You can test this. Declare an mda of `cat' and send yourself one
piece of mail containing "From" at start of a line. If you see a
split message, your POP/IMAP server is at fault. Upgrade to a more
recent version.<p>
Sendmail and other SMTP listeners don't split RFC822 messages either.
What's probably happening is either sendmail's local delivery agent or
your mail reader are not quite RFC822-conformant and are breaking
messages on what it thinks are Unix-style From headers. You can
figure out which by looking at your client-side mailbox with vi or
more. If the message is already split in your mailbox, your local
delivery agent is the problem. If it's not, your mailreader is the
problem.<p>
If you can't replace the offending program, take a look at your
sendmail.cf file. There will likely be a line something like<p>
<pre>
Mlocal, P=/usr/bin/procmail, F=lsDFMShP, S=10, R=20/40, A=procmail -Y -d $u
</pre>
describing your local delivery agent. Try inserting the `E' option in the
flags part (the F= string). This will make sendmail turn each dangerous
start-of-line From into a >From, preventing programs further downstream
from acting up.<p>
<hr>
<h2><a name="O1">O1. The --logfile option doesn't work if the logfile doesn't exist.</a></h2>
This is a feature, not a bug. It's in line with normal practice for
system daemons and allows you to suppress logging by removing the log,
without hacking potentially fragile startup scripts. To get around
it, just touch(1) the logfile before you run fetchmail (this will have
no effect on the contents of the logfile if it already exists).<P>
<hr>
<h2><a name="O2">O2. Every time I get a POP or IMAP message the header
is dumped to all my terminal sessions.</a></h2>
fetchmail uses the local sendmail to perform final delivery, which
Netscape and other clients doen't do; the announcement of new messages
is done by a daemon that sendmail pokes. There should be a ``biff''
command to control this. Type
<PRE>
biff n
</PRE>
to turn it off. If this doesn't work, try the command
<PRE>
chmod -x `tty`
</PRE>
which is essentially what <code>biff -n</code> will do. If this
doesn't work, comment out any reference to ``comsat'' in your
/etc/inetd.conf file and restart inetd.<P>
In Slackware Linux distributions, the last line in /etc/profile is
<PRE>
biff y
</PRE>
Change this to
<PRE>
biff n
</PRE>
to solve the problem system-wide.<P>
$Id: fetchmail-FAQ.html,v 1.45 1997/07/08 20:36:18 esr Exp $<p>
<HR>
<ADDRESS>Eric S. Raymond <A HREF="mailto:esr@thyrsus.com"><esr@snark.thyrsus.com></A></ADDRESS>
</BODY>
</HTML>
|
