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diff --git a/RFC/lan-mail-protocols b/RFC/lan-mail-protocols deleted file mode 100644 index 13e984ee..00000000 --- a/RFC/lan-mail-protocols +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1330 +0,0 @@ - - SERVING DESKTOP COMPUTERS USING A CENTRAL MAIL SERVER ON AN INTERNET - - - _________________________________________________________________ - - Author - John Wobus, jmwobus@syr.edu (corrections welcome) - - Date - 2/4/1997 - - This file - http://web.syr.edu/~jmwobus/comfaqs/lan-mail-protocols.html - - Other LAN Info - http://web.syr.edu/~jmwobus/lans/ - - - _________________________________________________________________ - -Contents - - * Introduction - * List of Protocols and RFCs - * Other Sources of Information - * Capabilities of Well-known mail clients - * List of Implementations - * Some other packages for desktop systems - * Key and Other Issues - - - _________________________________________________________________ - -Introduction - - - - There are advantages to having a central server receive the mail - destined to desktop computers and having the desktop computer collect - the mail from the server on demand: - * Your desktop computer may be down quite a bit and less network - bandwidth and less of the processing resources of the sending - computer are used if the computer receiving your mail is ready to - receive. - * Some people use more than one desktop computer to read mail. - * A desktop computer may not have the resources to store all the - mail you receive. - * It can make your e-mail address more like other users'. - - - - The easiest way to "implement" this is to run the central mail server - like any multi-user system: let people sign on to it and use some mail - utility. Then desktop computer users can use "terminal sessions" to - sign on to the central mail server and read their mail (e.g. with Unix - "pine"). This has the disadvantage of making the desktop computer - users learn and use the central mail server's procedures. - - SMTP, the "internet" mail protocol used to deliver mail between - multi-user systems only supports mail transfer initiated by the sender - to actually, it has a method to initiate reception, but the method - didn't catch on and is not used). Other protocols have been devised to - allow a desktop computer to request transfer of mail, thus able to - make use of a central server. These include the published variants of - POP, IMAP, and DMSP. - - POP, POP2, POP3 - - - - These are rather minimal and are designed to be so. The three are - similar but not enough alike to be interoperable. They are basically - designed to identify the user by username and password, to transfer - the mail from server to desktop computer and to delete the mail - transferred. It is assumed that SMTP will be used to send mail. - Messages can be retrieved individually, but the only information you - can get about a message without transferring it is its length in - bytes-- useful for desktop computers with limited storage. - - POP3 has a number of optional extensions including Xtnd Xmit which - allows clients to send mail through the POP3 session rather than using - SMTP. Another extension is APOP which allows RSA MD5 encryption of - passwords passed over the network. - - POP3 is now by far the most-used variant of POP, but POP2 may still be - used at a few sites. POP3 has a couple of optional extensions: one to - avoid sending passwords, and one to aid in reading bulletin boards. - - IMAP2, IMAP2BIS, IMAP3, IMAP4, IMAP4REV1 - - - - The IMAP family is similar to the POP family, but also gives clients a - way to do string searches through mail that still resides on the - server. This is designed to allow the desktop computer to be more - selective as to which mail will be transferred. The POP protocols, on - the other hand, are designed for simpler server software. - - IMAP2 is used quite a bit. IMAP3 is an incompatible offshoot that has - not been implemented much. IMAP4 is a relatively recent extension of - IMAP2 which makes the servers cognizant of the MIME-structure of a - message. IMAP2bis was the original name of IMAP4, which has since been - refined, but there are/were some implementations of IMAP2bis that are - not IMAP4 compliant. IMAP4 also extends IMAP to have many other - features including some of DMSP's. IMAP4rev1 includes a few - enhancements to IMAP4. - - ACAP - - - - ACAP (Application Configuration Access Protocol), formerly IMSP - (Interactive Mail Support Protocol), is a protocol which is being - developed to compliment IMAP4 by offering related e-mail services - beyond the scope of IMAP4. It includes the ability to subscribe find & - subscribe to bulletin boards, mailboxes, and to find and search - address books. - - IMAP VS POP - - - - As of this writing (10/96), there are a many more POP than IMAP client - implementations and an Internet Service Provider is much more likely - to provide POP3 service than IMAP4. But interest in IMAP4 is growing - with big-time software houses announcing support. IMAP4 has more - features, basically designed to support a model where users store - their received mail on a server rather than on their own computer. The - big advantage cited for IMAP is that people who "do e-mail" from - different computers at different times have the same access to their - message store from any of the client-computers they use. The cost of - this model (aside from issues such as the complexity and the - availability of implementations) is in running a server with - sufficient space for the clients' message stores. With personal - computer disks now often above a gigabyte (presumeably growing to 10s - of gigabytes over the next few years) and multimedia messaging in our - future, people storing e-mail on their own hard disk will have a lot - of space and ways to use it. A central store serving 10-20 users will - not be overly difficult, but one for 1,000 or 10,000 users will be - very large (terabytes?) if it is to offer comparable space. The - question comes down to the tradeoff between the advantage to users who - computer-hop against the costs of managing the large amount of central - store. See also online document imap.vs.pop.html (reference below) and - section below "Issue of Remote Access". - - DMSP - - - - Also know as PCMAIL. Desktop computers can use this protocol to both - send and receive mail. The system is designed around the idea that - each user can own more than one workstation; however, the system - doesn't seem to handle the idea of a "public workstation" very well. - The desktop computers are assumed to hold state information about the - mail, a directory so to speak, and when the desktop computer is - connected to the server, this directory is updated to "reality". Note: - DMSP never gained the following of IMAP or POP and I've heard the - software is no longer available. - - WHO USES THESE PROTOCOLS? - - - - These protocols were designed and implemented mostly by - Internet-connected universities with some participation by other - Internet-connected research institutions. They were certainly devised - to handle the type of electronic mail that universities must do. A - typical site has probably 10 to 10,000 desktop computers and has an - Internet connection and also runs Unix, giving them the Unix sysadmin - expertise that makes running a Unix-based server attractive. Most of - the servers listed here run under Unix though some run under other - large systems and as time goes on, we are seeing more servers that run - on PCs and Macintoshes. - - A more recent use of these protocols has been by Internet Service - Providers and their customers. Internet Service Providers require a - way to offer e-mail services to however many customers they provide, - to customers who are connected to the network only part of the time. - Like a campus application, they may have 10 or 10,000 customers to - serve. These protocols offer a distinct advantage over SMTP for such - purposes and form an attractive complementary e-mail service for WWW - users. - - DISADVANTAGES - - - - There are a number of disadvantages associated with the use of these - protocols: - * since these have long been no more than a small part of the e-mail - market, software using these methods is often incompatible with - other useful and/or well-known software. A couple of examples are: - + Use of mail-enabled applications on desktop computers (there - is no fundamental reason that mail software using these - protocols can't provide the API used by mail-enabled - applications, but in general this hasn't come about yet) - + Use of the usual Unix mail readers & the Unix .forward files. - * since the server is holding mail for the person, the person can - use the server for storage. This leaves the potential for all the - disk-space problems inherent in shared disks: people hogging - disk-space or forgetting to clean up, etc. - * sizing the server: a perennial question people ask is "How big a - machine do I need to serve my campus (or department, or - whatever)". Naturally no one can give a straight answer because it - depends upon so many factors. - - ISSUE OF REMOTE ACCESS - - - - Modern commercial e-mail packages typically have features designed to - assist in remote access of ones e-mail. Features include: - * ability to download mail through a modem - * ability to synchronize two different systems which you are using - to read your e-mail by plugging them together. - - - - Any method of reading e-mail using PCs or Macintoshes can be used - remotely via remote control (the "PCanywhere(tm)" method, e.g. by - dialing up your own office PC/Macintosh and using one of the several - kinds of software that allow you to control your PC/Macintosh over the - phone). Also, any LAN-based method can be used by using one of the - several methods of providing the same protocol support over dialup - lines as are on LANs (SLIP or PPP for the above-mentioned, - TCP/IP-based protocols, ARA for Appletalk-based protocols, etc, and - sometimes using two different protocols, one incapsulated in the - other) under the constraint that any operations that use the network - will be much slower. Also, POP3 is sometime used directly over modems - (for example, Eudora can be used in this manner). - - The ideal protocol for remote access would not penalize the user for - the much slower communications speed (usually slower by a factor of - 100: note that a lot of LAN-based software was written without regard - to minimizing the necessary communication, thus is really hurt by such - slow speeds), yet would allow the same software to run both remotely - and locally, with a wonderful user interface. It would also not be - overly expensive in communications equipment or services. This is a - difficult set of objectives and the above-three protocols can achieve - some of them for some users, but what they actually achieve depends a - lot on the user's pattern of e-mail usage. If a user reads just a - small amount of mail, then we would not worry about the length of time - necessary to download it remotely with POP3, but if the person - receives a lot of mail, but just wants to read a small amount of it at - home, then with IMAP2, they could pick and choose what to read, - eliminating some download time. If someone is paying for the telephone - line time (possibly the user if it is a long distance call; in any - case, the institution pays a monthly fee for each line it offers, - which is dependent upon how many users it is serving, how often they - call, and how long their calls are) then IMAP2's natural method of - usage which requires the phone call to remain while a user is reading, - poking around, sending, and rearranging mail can be much more costly - than using POP3 if one call is used to quickly download all the mail - and another later call is used to send any replies. Thus with POP3 a - user might have two 1 minute calls before and after a 30 minute e-mail - session instead of keeping the call for 30 minutes with IMAP2, and - each phone line the institution offers could be serving 15 times as - many such users who would each pay a lot less in long-distance phone - bills. Note that with the advent of multimedia mail (see MIME below) - whose messages can be very large, it is possible that downloading even - one message that you end up not reading remotely could ruin such a - nice-sounding scenario. - - Note that with the growth of Internet Service Providers, remote access - is becoming the normal way for many people to do their e-mail, and - offering such services is one of the major growth areas for POP and - IMAP. - - MIME - - - - MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) is a relatively new - Internet standard for the format for messages with multiple parts, and - with non-ASCII data. Any client that can import or export files can - use MIME in a clumsy way if you have a program to create and/or decode - a MIME message. Some clients have built-in features to do this. - Client-server mail protocols generally only deal with entire messages, - and can retrieve MIME messages as well as any other messages since - MIME was carefully designed to be transparent to existing mail - systems. However, IMAP4 has features to allow retrieval of individual - parts of MIME-encoded messages. The chart below lists whether a - package has MIME support. Servers for protocols that don't offer any - special MIME features are marked na for Not Applicable since they need - do nothing for users to use MIME. All IMAP4 servers can also do this, - but the chart lists whether they include explicit MIME support. - - APPROACHES NOT COVERED BY THIS MEMO - * Proprietary protocols - * file sharing - * APIs - * X.400. - - - - Vendors can invent their own protocols similar to those listed above, - and some have. - - LAN e-mail can also be implemented using file sharing, e.g. using NFS - to allow separate Unix workstations to share the same mail spool area - just as if it were mail being stored on one system, or using Novell's - SMF (Simple Message Format) in a Novell file server. If the - applications are written so that they are careful to lock files - correctly, then this works. An advantage is that any network file - protocol can be used and the e-mail application can be somewhat - independent of the file protocol. For example, Unix systems could use - either AFS or NFS. Pegasus is a PC & Mac application that uses Novell - file service to do something similar. Specifications for client-server - interaction consist of the file service protocol along with the server - directory structures & conventions used for storing e-mail. - - A very popular approach with commercial vendors is the use of APIs. - The client talks to the server using an API (Applications Programming - Interface), i.e., a set of subroutine/procedure library call - definitions for a library providing subroutines/procedures to send, - receive, and manipulate e-mail. With the use of any remote procedure - call mechanism, the client can be located on a different computer from - the server. This allows some mixing and matching of RPC mechanisms, - underlying protocol stacks and APIs: e.g., a vendor defines an API, - and it can be run over IPX or TCP/IP, in each case over the protocol - stack's RPC mechanism. There are a number of APIs now being pushed by - vendors: MAPI (Microsoft); VIM (Lotus); AOCE (Apple). These API's have - been the basis for numerous mail-enabled applications: e.g. a word - processor that allows you to send or receive documents through e-mail - simply uses one of these APIs allowing it to communicate with any - server supporting the same API. Specifications for client-server - interaction consist of the protocol stack up to the RPC protocol, then - the API itself. - - Note that though the API approach in combination with remote procedure - calls allows one to implement client-server e-mail without the use of - the protocols covered by this document (IMAP, POP, etc), that there is - no theoretical reason why such APIs can't be used in an IMAP or POP - environment. The necessary software would be a "driver" or piece of - "middleware" that provides the APIs calls to mail-enabled applications - and uses POP, IMAP, or whatever over a LAN to reach a server. The - advantages/disadvantages of such an approach as compared to the use of - RPCs is open to debate. UniPalm's Mail-IT is an example of client - software that provides MAPI within the client and uses POP3 to access - the server. - - X.400 is the message transport defined for use between - telecommunications vendors and customers by the international - consortium of national standards bodies known as ISO. It roughly - corresponds to TCP/IP's SMTP and RFC822 header format. A consortium of - X.400 vendors (XAPIA) have developed an API for X.400 applications - called CMC. - - LDAP - - - - LDAP is a protocol (the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) being - incorporated in some clients as an Internet way for the client to get - information about e-mail addresses from a server, i.e. to give you the - capability to type in someone's name and have the mail client software - retrieve the address from a server-based directory. LDAP also has - other uses. There are plans to incorporate LDAP clients into some IMAP - and POP clients. LDAP is essentially an Internet-based, simplified - X.500-like protocol and one of the original intentions of its creators - was to be gatewayed to X.500, thus giving relatively simple Internet - clients access to X.500 servers. Both LDAP and X.500 provide a method - for naming, retrieving, and searching fields in a directory, but do - not define the field-names or what is supposed to go in the fields. - Thus server/client interoperability requires further conventions. - - JAVA - - - - Java is a programming language currently (1996) touted as a tool for - web-based applications. It can affect the use of LAN protocols in a - number of ways: first of all, POP or IMAP clients can be written in - Java, using its cross-platform development capabilities to create - version for a number of platforms. Second, clients could be written as - "Applets", i.e. applications designed to be downloaded into web - browsers such as Netscape from a server. With such a design, a user - would only need access to a web browser to see their e-mail, e.g. drop - into a library and see your e-mail from one of its Internet-browser - kyosks. Applets are not normally allowed to access the - client-machine's disk files (which would result in too much risk when - browsing the Internet from the kind of people who develop computer - viruses), so such an application fits a little better into the IMAP - model (server storage of e-mail folders) than the POP model (client - storage of e-mail folders). Thirdly, Applets enable more practical use - of e-mail clients that use non-standard protocols rather than POP or - IMAP; interoperability is achieved because the server itself - distributes a compatible client applet right when the user accesses - the server. - _________________________________________________________________ - -List of Protocols and RFCs - - - - Note: for up-to-date information on the RFCs, get an index from an RFC - repository. For up-to-date information on the state of each RFC as to - the Internet Standards, see the most recent RFC called "Internet - Official Protocol Standards". - -Name: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol -Nickname: SMTP -Document: RFC 821 (Postel, August 1982) -TCP-port: 25 -Status: Internet standard (STD 10) - -Name: Post Office Protocol, Version 2 -Nickname: POP2 -Document: RFC 937 (Butler et al, February 1985) -TCP-port: 109 -Status: Functionally replaced by incompatible POP3 but still used some - -Name: Post Office Protocol, Version 3 -Nickname: POP3 -Document: RFC 1939 (Myers & Rose, May 1996) -TCP-port: 110 (109 also often used) -Status: In use, standards track -Sites: UC Irvine, MIT - -Name Post Office Protocol, Version 3 Authentication command -Nickname: POP3 AUTH -Document: RFC1734 (Myers, December 1994) - -Name: Post Office Protocol, Version 3 Extended Service Offerings -Nickname: POP3 XTND -Document: RFC 1082 (Rose, November 1988) - -Name: Distributed Mail Service Protocol -Nickname: DMSP, Pcmail -Document: RFC 1056 (Lambert, June 1988) -TCP-port: 158 -Status: Used very little -Sites: MIT - -Name: Interactive Mail Access Protocol, Version 2 -Nickname: IMAP2 -Document: RFC 1176 (Crispin, August 1990) -TCP-port: 143 -Status: In use, being replaced by upward-compatible IMAP4 -Sites: Stanford, U Washington - -Name: Interactive Mail Access Protocol, Version 2bis -Nickname: IMAP2bis -TCP-port: 143 -Status: Experimental, but in use, being replaced by upward-compatible IMAP4 - -Name: Interactive Mail Access Protocol, Version 3 -Nickname: IMAP3 -Document: RFC 1203 (Rice, February 1991) -TCP-port: 220 -Status: Historical, not used -Sites: Stanford - -Name: Internet Message Access Protocol, Version 4 -Nickname: IMAP4 -Document: RFC 1730 (Crispin, December 1994) -TCP-port: 143 -Status: Implementations exist, being replaced by revised version IMAP4rev1 -Sites: U Washington -Related: RFC 1731 (Myers, December 1994), - RFC 1732 (Crispin, December 1994), - RFC 1733 (Crispin, December 1994) - -Name: Internet Message Access Protocol, Version 4rev1 -Nickname: IMAP4rev1 -Document: RFC 2060 (Crispin, December 1996) -TCP-port: 143 -Status: Being implemented, Standards track -Sites: U Washington -Related: RFC 2061 (Crispin, December 1996), - RFC 2062 (Crispin, December 1996) - -Name: Interactive Mail Support Protocol -Nickname: IMSP -Document: Draft RFC: ? (Myers, June 1995) -TCP Port: 406 -Status: Experimental, renamed ACAP -Sites: Carnegie Mellon - -Name: Application Configuratino Access Protocol -Nickname: ACAP -Document: Draft RFC: ? (Myers, June 1996) -Status: ? -Sites: Carnegie Mellon - - - - Note: The "I" in IMAP used to stand for "Interactive". Now it stands - for "Internet" and the "M" stands for "Message" rather than "Mail". - Also, Internet drafts are available at ds.internic.net, munnari.oz.au, - and nic.nordu.net in directory internet-drafts. IMAP2bis is - essentially an early version of IMAP4. - _________________________________________________________________ - -Other Sources of Information - - My own info - http://web.syr.edu/~jmwobus/lans/#imappop - http://web.syr.edu/~jmwobus/internet/ - - The IMAP Connection web site - - http://www.imap.org - Main page - - http://www.imap.org/products.html - List of IMAP implementations - - http://www.imap.org/imap.vs.pop.brief.html - Outlines differences between IMAP and POP. - - http://www.imap.org/imap.vs.pop.html - Same, with more detail. - - http://www.imap.org/biblio.html - Bibliography of IMAP Documents. - - Information from University of Washington - http://www.washington.edu/imap/ - - By anonymous ftp from ftp.cac.washington.edu - mail/* (miscellaneous information) - - Information from andrew2.andrew.cmu.edu - - http://andrew2.andrew.cmu.edu/cyrus/email/clients-IMAP.html - List of IMAP clients - - http://andrew2.andrew.cmu.edu/cyrus/acap/acap.html - The ACAP Home Page - - Mailing lists: - pop@jhunix.hcf.jhu.edu - imap@cac.washington.edu - CW-EMAIL@EARNCC.EARN.NET - - By anonymous ftp from rtfm.mit.edu - This memo - comp.os.msdos.mail-news FAQ Memo - Mini FAQ on client-server mail protocols (similar to this memo - but shorter and more practical: - ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.answers/mail/mailclient-fa - q) - - Consortium - "The IMAP Consortium" (Getting under way as of March 1995). - - Page on MAPI API - http://www.wp.com/davidb/emapi.html - - - _________________________________________________________________ - -Capabilities of Well-known mail clients - - - - This section covers what I've been able to find out so far about the - well-known mail clients' ability to retrieve mail from a POP or IMAP - server. - -Client POP3 IMAP MIME ------- ---- ---- ---- -Apple PowerMail client ? ? ? -BeyondMail yes planned- yes -CE QuickMail client planned= planned= yes -Claris Emailer yes ? yes -DaVinci eMAIL client yes* ? yes* -Lotus cc:Mail Client no no no -Lotus Notes mail client no no ? -Microsoft Mail client no no no -Microsoft Exchange client yes+ no yes& -Netscape yes planned% yes - -Notes: -(-) Announced early 1996: target delivery: 4th quarter 1996. -(=) CE plans to rename the successor to their current client - QuickMail LAN, while introducing both a free and a commercial - POP3 client, then upgrade the commercial POP3 client to also - support IMAP. -(*) DaVinci SMTP eMAIL: I'm not sure if this is different from - the normal DaVinci client. -(+) Requires Internet Mail Client for Exhange, downloadable from - http://www.windows.microsoft.com or included in "Microsoft Plus". -(&) qp/base64 -(%) Planned for Netscape 4.0 - - - - - _________________________________________________________________ - -List of Implementations - - - -Prot Computer Implementation End MIME Source ------- ---------- ------------------- ---- ---- ------------------------------- -DMSP PC pc-epsilon (3.1) clnt ? allspice.lcs.mit.edu -DMSP PC pc-netmail (3.1) clnt ? allspice.lcs.mit.edu -DMSP PC pc-reader clnt ? allspice.lcs.mit.edu -DMSP Unix Pcmail 3.1 reposit. srvr na allspice.lcs.mit.edu -DMSP Unix/EMACS Pcmail 4.2 clnt ? allspice.lcs.mit.edu -DMSP PC PC/TCP 2.3 clnt ? FTP Software 8/4/94 -DMSP OS/2 PC/TCP clnt ? FTP Software -DMSP OS/2 TCP/2 clnt ? Essex Systems -DMSP OS/2 TCP/2 SERVER PACK srvr na Essex Systems -DMSP OS/2 TCP/2 ADV CLIENT clnt ? Essex Systems -IMAP1 MacOS MacMS 2.2.1 (obs) clnt no sumex-aim.stanford.edu* 7/13/95 -IMAP24 MacOS Mailstrom 1.04 clnt no sumex-aim.stanford.edu* 11/7/93 -IMAP24 MacOS Mailstrom 1.05 clnt no ftp-camis.stanford.edu 5/21/96 -IMAP24 MacOS Mailstrom 2(beta) clnt yes Tree Star Inc. 12/18/96 -IMAP? MacOS Mailstrom clnt ? lindy.stanford.edu 9/22/95 -IMAP? MacOS Mulberry (beta) clnt no mulberry@dial.pipex.com 7/30/96 -IMAP? MacOS Mulberry 1.1 clnt ? CyDaSoft 12/19/96 -IMAPb4 Mac/OT SIMEON 4.1 clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 8/5/96 -IMAPb4 MacOS SIMEON 4.1 clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 8/5/96 -IMAPb4 MS-WIN SIMEON 4.1 clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 8/5/96 -IMAPb4 WIN32 SIMEON 4.1 clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 8/5/96 -IMAPb4 Unix/Motif SIMEON 4.1 clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 8/5/96 -IMAP4 ? SIMEON SERVER srvr ? ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 8/1/96 -IMAP2 MacOS PathWay clnt no The Wollongong Group 2/25/94 -IMAP2 Unix/X PathWay clnt no The Wollongong Group 2/25/94 -POP3 MacOS PathWay clnt no The Wollongong Group 2/25/94 -POP3 Unix/X PathWay clnt no The Wollongong Group 2/25/94 -POP3 OS/2 ? (in testing) srvr no kf5mg@computek.net 11/28/95 -POP2 MacOS MacPOP 1.5 clnt ? ? 10/24/94 -POP2 MS-DOS PC POP 2.1 clnt ? ? 10/24/94 -POP3 MacOS TCP/Connect II clnt ? InterCon Systems Corp -POP3 MS-WIN TCP/Connect II f W clnt yes InterCon Systems Corp 7/8/94 -POP3 NeXT EasyMail clnt yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 11/7/93 -IMAP2 NeXT MailManager srvr yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 11/7/93 -IMAP2 TOPS20 MAPSER srvr na ? 11/7/93 -IMAP2 Unix imap kit srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 2/1/94 -POP23 Unix imap kit srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 2/1/94 -POP23 Unix IPOP srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 2/23/96 -IMAP4 Unix imap4 kit (alpha) srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 5/31/95 -IMAP24 Unix Pine 3.90 clnt yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 9/23/94 -IMAP24 Unix Pine 3.91 clnt yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 10/14/94 -IMAP2b Unix Pine 3.95 clnt yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 7/30/96 -IMAP24 Unix Pine 4.0 (future) clnt yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 7/30/96 -IMAP24 MS-DOSl+ PC-Pine 3.90 clnt yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 9/23/94 -IMAP24 MS-DOSl+ PC-Pine 3.91 clnt yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 10/14/94 -POP23r Unix popclient x.x (rep) clnt no Renamed 'fetchmail' 10/7/96 -IMAPb4 Unix popclient x.x (rep) clnt no Renamed 'fetchmail' 10/7/96 -POP23r Unix fetchmail 2.0 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 11/19/96 -IMAPb4 Unix fetchmail 2.0 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 11/19/96 -POP23r Unix fetchmail 2.2 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/10/96 -IMAPb4 Unix fetchmail 2.2 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/10/96 -POP23r Unix fetchmail 2.3 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/18/96 -POP3k Unix fetchmail 2.3 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/18/96 -IMAPb4 Unix fetchmail 2.3 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/18/96 -POP23r Unix fetchmail 2.6 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/18/96 -POP3k Unix fetchmail 2.6 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/18/96 -IMAPb4 Unix fetchmail 2.6 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 12/18/96 -POP23r Unix fetchmail 3.3 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 2/4/97 -POP3k Unix fetchmail 3.3 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 2/4/97 -IMAPb4 Unix fetchmail 3.3 clnt no www.ccil.org/~esr 2/4/97 -POP? Unix gwpop clnt ? ftp.pasteur.fr 2/9/96 -POP? Unix popc clnt ? ftp.imag.fr 2/9/96 -POP? Unix popmail clnt ? ftp.cic.net 2/9/96 -POP? Unix movemail clnt ? GNU 2/9/96 -IMAP2 VMS Pine 3.88 port clnt yes vms.huji.ac.il 4/12/94 -IMAP? VMS Pine in PMDF 4.3 clnt ? Innosoft 4/1/94 -IMAP2 VMS ImapD port srvr yes vms.huji.ac.il 4/12/94 -POP3u Win3/95/NT Navigator 2.x clnt yes Netscape 7/29/96 -IMAP? Windows? pcMail (future) clnt ? OzMail 3/19/96 -POP? Solaris Navigator 3.0b4(fut)clnt ? Netscape 6/25/96 -IMAP4 ? Navigator 4.0 (fut) clnt yes Netscape 7/30/96 -IMAP4 MacOS Navigator 4.0 (fut) clnt yes Netscape 12/18/96 -POP3 Macintosh6 Eudora 1.3.1 clnt no ftp.qualcomm.com 7/14/94 -POP3 Mac7/PM7 Eudora 1.5.3 clnt yes ftp.qualcomm.com 8/4/95 -POP3mr Macintosh7 Eudora 2.0.2 clnt yes Qualcomm 5/10/94 -POP3mr Mac7/PM7 Eudora 2.0.3 clnt yes Qualcomm 9/13/94 -POP3mrkMac7/PM7 Eudora 2.1 clnt yes Qualcomm 9/13/94 -POP3mrkMac7/PM7 Eudora 2.1.1 clnt yes Qualcomm 8/4/95 -POP3mrkMac7/PM7 Eudora 2.1.2 clnt yes Qualcomm 8/4/95 -POP3mrkMac7/PM7 Eudora 2.1.3 clnt yes Qualcomm 8/4/95 -POP3 MS-WINw Eudora 1.4.4 clnt yes ftp.qualcomm.com 6/23/95 -POP3 MS-WINw Eudora 1.5.2b1 clnt yes ftp.qualcomm.com 8/4/95 -POP3 MS-WINw Eudora 2.0.3 clnt yes Qualcomm 9/13/94 -POP3 MS-WINw Eudora 2.1.1 clnt yes Qualcomm 8/4/95 -POP3 WIN32 Eudora Pro 2.2b8 clnt yes Qualcomm 12/5/95 -POP3 WIN3/95/NT Eudora Pro ? clnt yes Qualcomm 7/29/96 -POP3 Mac Eudora Pro 3.0 clnt yes Qualcomm 8/14/96 -POP3 OS/2 PMMail 11 clnt yes hobbes.nmsu.edu 6/2/95 -POP3 OS/2 POP3D 12 srvr yes hobbes.nmsu.edu 6/2/95 -POP3 OS/2 POP3D 14A srvr yes hobbes.nmsu.edu 9/12/95 -POP3 OS/2 POP3D 14B srvr yes hobbes.nmsu.edu 4/5/96 -POP? OS/2 popsrv99.zip srvr ? hobbes.nmsu.edu 2/15/96 -POP3r OS/2 popsrv10.zip srvr na ftp-os2.mnsu.edu 3/15/96 -POP3 MS-WIN Mi'Mail clnt yes http://www.irisoft.be 6/30/95 - -IMAP2b Unix/XM ML 1.3.1 clnt yes ftp-camis.stanford.edu 7/13/95 -IMAP24 Unix/XM ML 2.0 (future) clnt yes Stanford 7/13/95 -IMAP1 Unix imapd 3.2 (obs) srvr na ftp-camis.stanford.edu 7/13/95 -IMAP2b Unix imapd 3.4/UW srvr ? ftp.cac.washington.edu 12/13/94 -IMAP2b Unix imapd 3.5/UW srvr ? ftp.cac.washington.edu 4/25/95 -IMAP2b Unix imapd 3.6.BETA srvr ? ftp.cac.washington.edu 4/25/95 -IMAP2b Unix imapd 4.0/UW (fut) srvr ? U Wash 4/25/95 -IMAP? Unix imapd 8.0(124) srvr ? U Wash 1/31/97 -IMAP? Unix imapd 9.0(161) srvr ? U Wash 1/31/97 -IMAP4 ? imap-4 srvr yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 10/25/96 -POP3u ? imap-4 srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 10/25/96 -IMAP4 ? imap-4.1 ALPHA srvr yes ftp.cac.washington.edu 10/25/96 -POP3u ? imap-4.1 ALPHA srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 10/25/96 -IMAP? Unix/X Palm (in dev) clnt ? UMiami 11/7/93 -IMAP? Unix/X Cyrus (dev on hold) clnt yes CMU 10/4/94 -IMAP Unix Cyrus 1.4 srvr yes ftp.andrew.cmu.edu 12/1/95 -POP3 Unix Cyrus 1.4 srvr na ftp.andrew.cmu.edu 12/1/95 -KPOP Unix Cyrus 1.4 srvr na ftp.andrew.cmu.edu 12/1/95 -POP3u Unix Cyrus ? srvr na 3/12/96 -IMAP41 Unix Cyrus 1.5 srvr yes ftp.andrew.cmu.edu 1/3/97 -POP3k Unix Cyrus 1.5 srvr na ftp.andrew.cmu.edu 1/3/97 -KPOP Unix Cyrus 1.5 srvr na ftp.andrew.cmu.edu 1/3/97 -IMAP4 ? Futr Andrew Msg Sys ? ? Carnegie-Mellon 9/20/94 -IMAP? Xrx Lsp Mc Yes-Way clnt yes Stanford U 11/7/93 -IMAP2b MacOS ECSMail clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -IMAP2b MS-WINw ECSMail clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -IMAP2 Unix/XM ECSMail Motif clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -IMAP2b Solaris ECSMail clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -IMAP2 MS-DOS ECSMail DOS clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -IMAP? NT ECSMail clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -IMAP? OS/2 ECSMail OS/2 clnt yes ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -IMAP? Unix UMAIL clnt no umail@umail.umd.edu 11/7/93 -IMAP? Unix MS clnt no ftp.cac.washington.edu 11/7/93 -IMAP2 MS-WIN PathWay clnt no The Wollongong Group 2/25/94 -POP3 MS-WIN PathWay clnt no The Wollongong Group 2/25/94 -POP? MS-WIN PathWay Access 3.0 clnt ? The Wollongong Group 8/4/94 -POP3 NT sendmail/POP3 (bet) srvr na www.metainfo.com 9/15/95 -POP3 NT sendmail/POP3 srvr na emwac.ed.ac.uk 12/5/95 (www.emw -ac.ed.ac.uk) -IMAP4 NT sendmail/POP3 (fut) srvr ? emwac.ed.ac.uk 5/21/96 (www.emw -ac.ed.ac.uk) -IMAP2 Amiga Pine 3.8x (in dev) clnt yes UWashington 11/7/93 -POP MacOS POPmail 1.7 clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP23 MacOS POPmail 2.09b clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -IMAP2 MacOS POPmail 2.09b clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP23 MacOS POPmail 2.2 clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -IMAP2 MacOS POPmail 2.2 clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP3 MacOS POPmail/Lab clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP NeXT OS BlitzMail srvr na ftp.dartmouth.edu 10/23/95 -POP DEC OSF/1 BlitzMail srvr na ftp.dartmouth.edu 10/23/95 -POP AIX BlitzMail (in dev) srvr na ftp.dartmouth.edu 10/23/95 -POP3 MS-WINw5 POPmail/Lab clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP3 MacOS Emailer 1.1 clnt yes Claris 7/29/96 -POP3 MacOS OfficeMail srvr na Claris 6/6/96 -IMAP2b Unix imapperl-0.6 clnt ? dnpap.et.tudelft.nl 2/6/96 -POP2 MacOS MailStop 1.1.3 srvr na boombox.micro.umn.edu 1/18/94 -POP3r MacOS MailShare 1.0(beta) srvr na glenn.anderson@stonebow.otago.a -c.nz 8/16/94 -POP3r MacOS MailShare 1.0fc6 srvr na ftp.qualcomm.com 8/4/95 -POP3r MacOS AIMS 1.0 srvr na Apple 10/27/95 -POP3r MacOS AIMS 1.1 srvr na Apple 5/21/96 (www.cybertech.ap -ple.com) -POP3r MacOS AIMS 1.1.1 srvr na Apple 10/17/96 -POP3r MacOS AIMS 2.0 (fut: '97) srvr ? Apple 10/17/96 -POP3r MacOS AIMS 2.1 (fut) srvr ? Apple 10/17/96 -IMAP MacOS AIMS 2.1 (fut) srvr ? Apple 10/17/96 -POP3 MacOS POPGate 1.1 gway ? Stalker 3/25/96 (www.stalker.co -m) -IMAP? MacOS MailDrop 1.1 clnt ? ackmo.baylor.edu 3/22/96 -IMAP2? MacOS MailDrop 1.2d6a clnt ? ackmo.baylor.edu 3/22/96 -IMAP? MacOS MailDrop 2 (dev) clnt ? Baylor 1/19/96 -POP2 MS-DOS LifeLine Mail 2.0 clnt ? SunSelect 12/7/93 -POP23 MS-DOS SelectMail 2.1 clnt ? SunSelect 1/25/94 -POP2 MS-DOSk ? srvr na ucsd.edu -POP2 MS-DOSk net091b srvr na boombox.micro.umn.edu 12/3/93 -POP3 MS-DOSk pop3nos v1.86 srvr na boombox.micro.umn.edu 12/3/93 -POP2 MS-DOSp POPMail 3.2.2 clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -IMAP? MS-DOSp POPMail/PC 3.2.2 clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 1/11/94 -POP2 MS-DOSp POPMail 3.2.3 beta2 clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -IMAP? MS-DOSp POPMail 3.2.3 beta2 clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP3 MS-DOSk pop3serv srvr na biochemistry.crwu.edu -POP3 MS-DOSk nos11c-a.exe srvr na biochemistry.bioc.cwru.edu 9/16 -/94 -POP2 MS-DOS MD/DOS-IP clnt ? U Maryland -POP2 MS-DOS PC/TCP clnt ? FTP Software -POP2 OS/2 PC/TCP for OS/2 clnt ? FTP Software 11/2/93 -POP23 MS-WIN BW-Connect clnt no Beame & Whiteside 8/4/94 -POP3 MS-WIN Air Series 2.06 clnt no Spry 7/7/94 -IMAP? MS-WIN Air Mail ? ? AIR Co. Ltd 9/20/94 -IMAP? MS-WIN EMBLA ? ? ICL ProSystems 9/20/94 -IMAP4 ? Intrnt Msging Srvr srvr ? ICL TeamWare 9/8/1 -POP3 ? Intrnt Msging Srvr srvr ? ICL TeamWare 9/8/1 -POP23 MS-DOSp Minuet 1.0b18a(beta)clnt no minuet.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP? MS-WINls TCPMail clnt ? Pinesoft (pinesoft@net.com) -POP2 Unix U Minn popd 1.5c srvr na boombox.micro.umn.edu 11/19/93 -POP2 Unix/AIX aix_new_popd srvr na boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP2 Unix/HP9k hp9000_popd srvr na boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP23 MS-WINw POPmail clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -IMAP2 MS-WINw POPmail clnt ? boombox.micro.umn.edu 9/1/95 -POP2 Unix USC-ISI popd srvr na ? 10/24/94 -POP2 Unix imapd/ipop2d 3.4 srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 12/13/94 -POP3 Unix/curs Z-Mail Lite 3.2 clnt yes NetManage 8/23/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 Unix/line Z-Mail Lite 3.2 clnt yes NetManage 8/23/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 Unix/XM Z-Mail Motif 3.2.1 clnt yes NetManage 8/23/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 WIN3/95/NT Z-Mail 4.0.1 clnt yes NetManage 8/23/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 MacOS Z-Mail 3.3.1 clnt yes NetManage 8/23/96 www.netmanage -.com -IMAP4 WIN3/95/NT Z-Mail Pro clnt yes NetManage 8/23/96 www.netmanage -.com -IMAP4 WIN3/95/NT Z-Mail Pro 6.0 clnt yes NetManage 1/31/97 www.netmanage -.com -IMAP? MacOS Z-Mail ? clnt yes NetManage 5/21/96 -POP? Unix zync ? clnt ? NCD 9/23/94 (www.ncd.com) -POP23k UnixX xmh clnt ? ftp.x.org 2/15/94 -POP23k UnixX exmh clnt yes ? 8/8/95 -POP23k UnixX dxmail/mh clnt ? DEC -POP? Unix ucbmail clone clnt ? rtfm.mit.edu 12/16/94 -POP? Unix pop-perl-1.0 clnt ? sunsite.unc.edu 9/13/94 -POP? Unix/XO SXMail 0.9.74a (b) clnt ? ftp.uni-stuttgart.de 10/12/95 -POP2 VM FAL srvr na IBM -POP2 MS-WIN IBM TCP/IP for DOS clnt no IBM 7/7/94 -POP2 VM ? srvr na Texas Tech University -POP? VM ?POPD srvr na vmd.cso.uiuc.edu 2/4/94 -POP3 VM vmpop3.200 srvr na uriacc.uri.edu 1/10/95 -POP3 MUSIC/SP POPD 1.0 srvr na McGill Univ. Sys. Inc. 01/11/95 -POP2 OS/2 TCP/2 SERVER PACK srvr na Essex Systems -POP2 VMS MultiNet srvr na TGV, Inc. 07/26/95 -POP2 HP3000/MPE NetMail/3000 srvr na 3K Associates -POP3 ? NetMail/3000 srvr na 3K Associates -POP3k MacOS Eudora 1.3a8k clnt ? ftp.brown.edu 8/19/94 -POP3 MacOS MacPOP (Berkeley) clnt ? ftp.cc.berkeley.edu -POP3k MacOS TechMail 2.0 clnt ? net-dist.mit.edu -POP3 MacOS MacMH clnt ? jessica.stanford.edu/info -POP3 MacOS VersaTerm Link clnt ? Synergy Software 10/8/93 -POP3 MacOS LeeMail 2.0.2 (shw) clnt ? chs.cusd.claremont.edu 10/12/93 -POP3 Mac7pro Mail*Link Internet clnt yes StarNine Technologies 2/18/94 -POP3t Unix popper-1.7 srvr na ftp.cc.berkeley.edu 10/15/93 -POP3k Unix popper-1.7k srvr na ftp.brown.edu 10/19/94 -POP3k Unix hacked ucbmail clnt no UCSC 6/29/95 -POP3k Unix hacked pine clnt yes UCSC 6/29/95 -POP3 Unix popper-1.831 srvr na ftp.cc.berkeley.edu 11/3/93 -POP3 Solaris2.X popper-1.831/uore srvr na ftp.uoregon.edu 10/19/93 -POP3 Solaris2.X popper-1.9 srvr na ftp.chalmers.se 7/26/94 -POP3 Unix popperQC3 srvr na ftp.qualcomm.com 8/4/95 -POP3 Unix qpopper 2.1.3-r5 srvr na ftp.qualcomm.com 8/4/95 -POP3 Unix qpopper 2.1.4-r1 srvr na ftp.qualcomm.com 8/4/95 -POP3u Unix qpopper 2.1.4-r3 srvr na ftp.qualcomm.com 2/26/96 -POP3u Unix qpopper 2.1.4-r4 srvr na QualComm 5/16/95 -POP3r Unix Vers of qpopper srvr na QualComm 1/26/96 -POP3u Unix qpopper 2.2 beta srvr na Qualcomm 2/26/96 -POP? Unix zpop srvr na NCD 9/1/95 -POP3 Unix popper.rs2 srvr na ftp.qualcomm.com 8/4/95 -POP3 Unix perl popper srvr na ftp.xensei.com/users/ccrlphr 9/ -1/95 -POP23k Unix mh-6.8 (UCI RandMH) both yes ftp.ics.uci.edu 8/30/94 -POP23krUnix mh-6.8.3 (UCI RndMH)both yes ftp.ics.uci.edu 9/27/94 -POP23 Unix/EMACS RMAIL clnt no ? 8/2/95 -POP23 Unix/EMACS vm clnt no ftp.uu.net 8/2/95 -POP3 Linux miniclient clnt ? sunsite.unc.edu 8/30/94 -POP3 Unix imapd/ipop3d 3.4 srvr na ftp.cac.washington.edu 12/13/94 -POP3 Unix pop3d 1.004 srvr na ftp.ucdavis.edu 12/3/93 -POP2 Unix pop2d 1.001 srvr na ftp.ucdavis.edu 12/3/93 -POP3 Unix mush 7.2.5 clnt ? ? 12/16/94 -POP23k Unix popmaild srvr na ftp.wu-wien.ac.at 4/5/95 -IMAP AIX imap server srvr ? ftp.wu-wien.ac.at 4/5/95 -POP3 MacOS/AOCE MailConnect clnt yes ? 7/5/95 -POP3t MS-DOSnpo PC/TCP clnt ? FTP Software -POP3 OS/2 PC/TCP for OS/2 clnt ? FTP Software 11/2/93 -POP3 MS-DOS TechMail(future) clnt ? ? -POP3 MS-WINl TechMail for Wind. clnt ? net-dist.mit.edu 2/25/94 -POP3 OS/2l TechMail for Wind. clnt ? net-dist.mit.edu 2/25/94 -POP3 MS-DOSp NUPop 1.03 clnt no ftp.acns.nwu.edu 11/5/93 -POP3 MS-DOSp NUPop 2.02 clnt no ftp.acns.nwu.edu 1/18/94 -POP3 MS-DOSp NUPop 2.10 (alpha) clnt yes ftp.acns.nwu.edu 6/10/94 -POP23 MS-WINw Trumpet clnt no ftp.psychol.utas.edu.au 7/7/94 -POP3 MS-WIN Pceudora clnt ? ftp.qualcomm.com 9/24/93 -POP3 MS-WINw WinPmail 2.0b4 clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/95 -POP3 MS-DOSp POPgate (Pmail gw) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 4/1/94 -POP3 MS-DOSl PMPOP (Pmail gw) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 4/1/94 -POP3x MS-WIN WinQVT (2.1) clnt ? QPC Software (shareware) 7/12/9 -4 -POP3 MS-WINp wnqvtnet 3.0 clnt ? ftp.cica.indiana.edu -POP3 MS-WINp wnqvtnet 3.9 clnt ? ftp.cica.indiana.edu 2/1/94 -POP3 MS-WIN Open Systems Mail clnt ? Pine Software -POP3 MS-WIN? IMAIL both ? Ipswitch 7/12/94 -POP3 NT Ipswitch srvr ? Ipswitch 5/24/96 -POP3 VMS IUPOP3 v1.7 srvr na ftp.indiana.edu 7/25/94 -POP3 VMS IUPOP3 v1.7-CMU-TEK srvr na ftp.indiana.edu 7/25/94 -POP3 VMS IUPOP3 v1.8-1 srvr na ftp.indiana.edu 7/25/94 -POP3 MS-DOS POP3 0.9 clnt na ftp.indiana.edu 7/25/94 -POP3 VMS MultiNet both ? TGV, Inc. 07/26/95 -POP3 VMS PMDF 5.1 srvr na Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -POP3 Solaris PMDF 5.1 srvr na Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -POP3 DigUNIX PMDF 5.1 srvr na Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -POP3 OpenVMS PMDF 5.1 srvr na Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -IMAP? VMS PMDF 5.1 srvr ? Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -IMAP? Solaris PMDF 5.1 srvr ? Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -IMAP? DigUNIX PMDF 5.1 srvr ? Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -IMAP? OpenVMS PMDF 5.1 srvr ? Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -IMAP? MS-DOS PMDF E-mail Interc clnt ? Innosoft 3/2/94 www.innosoft.co -m -IMAP? MacOS PMDF E-mail Interc clnt ? Innosoft 3/2/94 www.innosoft.co -m -POP? VMS PMDF E-mail Interc ? ? Innosoft 6/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -IMAP? VMS PMDF E-mail Interc ? ? Innosoft 6/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -POP3r VMS PMDF popstore clnt ? Innosoft 9/24/96 www.innosoft.c -om -IMAP4 SolarisX Roam (Future) clnt ? Sun 9/26/95 -IMAP? Windows? Roam (Future) clnt ? Sun 3/19/96 -IMAP4 SolarisX imapd (Future) clnt ? Sun 9/26/95 -IMAP4 Solaris Solstice IMS1.0 srvr yes SunSoft 10/17/96 http://www.sun -.com -POP3 Solaris Solstice IMS1.0 srvr yes SunSoft 10/17/96 http://www.sun -.com - -IMAP4 Solaris Solstice IMS2.0 (f) srvr yes SunSoft 10/17/96 http://www.sun -.com -POP3 Solaris Solstice IMS2.0 (f) srvr yes SunSoft 10/17/96 http://www.sun -.com -IMAP4 Solaris Solstice IMC0.9 clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 Solaris Solstice IMC? (fut) clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 MS-WIN3.11 Solstice IMC0.9 clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 MS-WIN3.11 Solstice IMC? (fut) clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 MS-WIN95 Solstice IMC0.9 clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 MS-WIN95 Solstice IMC? (fut) clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 NT Solstice IMC0.9 clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 NT Solstice IMC? (fut) clnt yes SunSoft 4/5/96 http://www.sun.c -om -IMAP4 Win95 SOlstice 2.0 clnt ? SunSoft 1/31/97 -POP3 OS/2 TCP/2 SERVER PACK srvr na Essex Systems -POP3 OS/2 TCP/2 ADV CLIENT clnt ? Essex Systems -POP? MS-DOS UCDmail clnt ? ftp.ucdavis.edu 10/24/94 -POP? MS-DOS PC POP clnt ? ?Bill Schweickert/Sterling Fed -POP23 MS-WINnpo Super-TCP for W e.0 clnt yes Frontier Technologies 6/10/94 -POP? MS-WINnpo Super-TCP for W e.0 srvr yes Frontier Technologies 7/12/94 -POP3 WIN3/95/NT SuperHghwy Access 2 clnt yes Frontier Technologies 7/29/96 -POP? MS-WINw Windows ELM clnt ? lister.cc.ic.ac.uk 7/12/94 -IMAP? ? ELM patches clnt ? www.math.fu-berlin.de/~guckes/e -lm/patches 7/16/96 -POP23 MS-DOSni ChameleonNFS both ? NetManage 8/4/94 -POP23 MS-DOSni Chameleon beta clnt yes NetManage -POP23 MS-WINw Internet Chameleon clnt yes NetManage 7/12/94 -POP23 NT Chameleon V5.0 f NT both ? NetManage 11/28/95 -IMAP? Windows? Chameleon (future) clnt ? NetManage 3/19/96 -POP? MacOS MEWS clnt ? ? -POP? MacOS byupopmail clnt ? ? -POP? VM ? srvr na TTUVM1 -POP3 MacOS HyperMail ? ? ? -? OS/2 lamailpop ? ? ftp-so2.cdrom.com -POP? OS/2 Popclient clnt yes ? 1/19/96 -POP? OS/2 Emacs 19.xx clnt yes ? 1/19/96 -POP3 MS-DOSs pcelm clnt ? lister.cc.ic.ac.uk 1/25/94 -POP3 MS-WINs winelm clnt ? lister.cc.ic.ac.uk 1/25/94 -POP3 NetWare Mercury 1.11 srvr na risc.ua.edu 2/4/94 -POP3 NetWare34 Mercury 1.2.1 srvr na risc.ua.edu 3/29/96 -POP3 NetWare34 Mercury 1.3 srvr na risc.ua.edu 8/2/96 -POP3 MS-WINw IMail srvr na Ipswitch 7/15/94 -POP3 MS-Windows Pegasus/Win 2.3 clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -POP3 MS-Windows Pegasus/Win 2.2(r3) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -POP3 MS-Windows Pegasus/Win 2.0(r1) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -POP3 MS-DOS Pegasus/DOS 3.2(r2) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -POP3 MacOS Pegasus/MAC 2.1.2 clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -POP23 MS-WINw Mail-IT 2 clnt yes mail-it@unipalm.co.uk 7/12/94 -POP23 Unix Mail-IT 2 clnt yes mail-it@unipalm.co.uk 9/9/94 -POP23 Unix servers w Mail-IT srvr na mail-it@unipalm.co.uk 12/16/94 -POP? MS-WIN RFD Mail 1.22 clnt ? ftp.std.com 7/19/94 -POP? MS-WIN RFD Mail 1.23 clnt ? ftp.std.com 9/16/94 -POP3 MS-WINw ws_gmail srvr na buckshot.usma.edu 9/16/94 -POP3 MS-WINw IMAIL srvr na Ipswitch 9/16/94 -POP3 MS-WINw Pronto Mail 2.01 clnt yes Commtouch 4/24/96 (www.commtouc -h.com) -IMAP MS-WINw Pronto clnt yes Commtouch 9/5/95 -IMAP4 ? Pronto97 clnt yes CommTouch 1/7/97 (www.commtouch -.com) -POP3 ? Pronto97 clnt yes CommTouch 1/7/97 (www.commtouch -.com) -POP23 MS-WINw Turnpike clnt yes Turnpike Ltd, http:www.turnpike -.com 8/11/95 -POP3 MS-WIN WinSmtp srvr na Seattle Labs, http://wildside.k -wnet.on.ca/winsmtp.html 11/3/95 -POP3r WIN95 SLmail95 srvr na http://www.seattlelab.com/ 5/14 -/96 -POP3r NT SLmailNT srvr na http://www.seattlelab.com/ 3/29 -/96 -POP3 ? VA Professional clnt yes Ashmount 4/30/96 http://www.asn -mount.com -POP3 ? VA Workgroup clnt yes Ashmount 4/30/96 http://www.asn -mount.com -POP3 NT post.office srvr na Software.com, Inc. 12/11/95 (ww -w.software.com) -POP3 Solaris post.office srvr na Software.com, Inc. 12/11/95 (ww -w.software.com) -POP? MS-? Exchange clnt ? Microsoft 10/24/95 -POP3 MS-? Exchange Server (f) srvr yes Microsoft 9/11/96 -IMAP4 MS-? Exch Server (maybe) srvr ? Microsoft 6/21/96 -POP3 MS-? Exchange Server 5.0 srvr ? Microsoft 1/14/97 -POP3 MS-? Inter. Mail & News clnt yes Microsoft 6/4/96 (www.microsoft -.com) -POP3 MS-? Inter. Mail Service gway ? Microsoft 6/4/96 (www.microsoft -.com) -POP3u NT Exchpop(?) 1.0 gway yes http://www.sts.co.il/pop3.htm 6 -/14/96 -POP3 MacOS Powertalk ? ? ? 11/7/95 -IMAP2 MS-WIN Siren Mail clnt yes Siren Software 12/28/95 -IMAP? Windows? Siren Mail 3.0 clnt yes Siren Software 3/19/96 -POP3 MS-WIN Siren Mail clnt yes Siren Software 12/28/95 -IMAP2 WIN95 Siren Mail clnt yes Siren Software 12/28/95 -POP3 WIN95 Siren Mail clnt yes Siren Software 12/28/95 -IMAP2 NTclient Siren Mail clnt yes Siren Software 12/28/95 -POP3 NTclient Siren Mail clnt yes Siren Software 12/28/95 -? Unix Siren Mail srvr ? Siren Software 12/28/95 -IMAP2 ? Siren Mail Server srvr ? Siren Software 8/1/96 -POP3 ? Siren Mail Server srvr ? Siren Software 8/1/96 -IMAP4 ? Siren Mail (future) clnt yes Siren Software 12/28/95 -IMAP? MacOS Siren Mail (future) clnt yes Siren Software 1/21/96 -IMAP? WIN95 Siren Mail (beta) clnt yes Siren Software 7/30/96 -POP3 MacOS NetAlly srvr na Delphic (www.delphic.com) 11/17 -/95 -POP3 DOSWIN BeyondMail clnt yes Banyan (beyondmail.banyan.com) -2/6/96 -IMAP4 ? BeyondMail (future) clnt yes Banyan (beyondmail.banyan.com) -9/6/96 -POP? NT MailSrv from Res K. srvr na Microsoft? -IMAP WIN? ? clnt ? Email connection 12/8/95 -POP3 NetWare34 SoftNet WEBserv srvr na Puzzle Systems 12/15/95 (info@p -uzzle.com) -POP3 NT Netscape Mail Srvr srvr na Netscape 12/18/95 (info@netscap -e.com) -POP3 SunOS Netscape Mail Srvr srvr na Netscape 12/18/95 (info@netscap -e.com) -POP3 Solaris Netscape Mail Srvr srvr na Netscape 12/18/95 (info@netscap -e.com) -IMAP4 NT Netscape M S 2.0(f) srvr ? Netscape 6/21/96 -IMAP4 NT Netscape M S 2.02 srvr ? Netscape 1/31/97 -POP3 OpenVMS TCPware Internet Sr srvr na Process Software 12/20/95 (info -@process.com) -POP3 Unix UMT (beta) clnt ? ftp.topaz.kiev.ua 12/29/95 (www -.topaz.kiev.ua) -POP3 NetWare 4 LAN WorkGroup 5 ???? na Novell 1/1/96 -IMAP2 Solaris MMail clnt yes Atelier de Software Ltd. 5/21/9 -6 -IMAP2 MacOS MMail (planned) clnt yes Atelier de Software Ltd. 5/21/9 -6 -POP? OS/2 Yarn/Souper(?) clnt ? ? 1/16/96 -POP3 NT Sendmail w POP3 1.0 srvr na MetaInfo 1/19/96 http://www.met -ainfo.com -POP3 NT Sendmail w POP3 1.1 srvr na MetaInfo 12/4/96 http://www.met -ainfo.com -POP3 ? PopGate gway na ftp.esi sys.com 1/19/96 -POP3 OS/2 ? (future) srvr na Secant 1/23/96 -?POP3 NT NT MAIL ? ? http://bhs.com 1/26/96 -POP3 NT MAILbus Internet srvr na Digital 2/20/96 (www.digital.co -m) -POP3 DEC UNIX MAILbus Internet srvr na Digital 2/20/96 (www.digital.co -m) -POP3r NT MAILbus Internet(b) srvr na Digital 2/20/96 (www.digital.co -m) -POP3r DEC UNIX MAILbus Internet(b) srvr na Digital 2/20/96 (www.digital.co -m) -POP? OS/2 lampop(?) clnt ? ? 1/26/96 -POP? NT NTMail clnt ? www.mortimer.com 2/9/96 -POP3 DOSWINMac OpenMail (future) clnt ? HP 3/29/96 http://www.openmail. -external.hp.com -IMAP DOSWINMac OpenMail (future) clnt ? HP 3/29/96 http://www.openmail. -external.hp.com -POP3 NetWare4 Connect2SMTP srvr ? Infinite Technologies 3/29/96 -POP3 OS/2 PowerWeb Server++ srvr na CompuSource 4/16/96 http://www. -compusource.co.za -POP3 OS/2 SIDIS/2 srvr na stargate.rz.fh-offenburg.de 6/4 -/96 -POP3 ? WIG v2.0 gway ? http://www.demon.co.uk/ 4/19/96 -POP3 WIN95 Windis32 srvr na Demon Internet 6/6/96 (www.demo -n.co.uk) -POP3 DOSWINMac DaVinci SMTP eMAIL clnt yes On Technology 4/24/96 -POP? WIN32 Mail OnNet (OnNet32)clnt yes FTP Software 5/3/96 (www.ftp.co -m) -POP? Unix xfmail clnt ? burka.netvision.net.il 5/110/96 -POP3rutOS/2 POP3s v1.01 srvr ? www.secant.com 5/14/96 -POP3 Java Aplt Yamp clnt ? www.mcs.net/~faisal/Yamp/yampix -.html 5/24/96 -POP3 NT NT Mail gway ? www.net-shopper.co.uk 5/31/96 -POP3 WIN? Mailcall chkr na ? 6/11/96 -POP3 WIN? Mailcheck chkr na ? 6/11/96 -POP3 DOS C2SMTP srvr na Infinite Technologies 6/11/96 -POP MacOS Quarterdeck v4(fut) clnt yes Starnine 6/11/96 (www.starnine. -com) -POP MacOS List Star ? ? Starnine 6/24/96 (www.starnine. -com) -POP3 MacOS Marionet 1.0 srvr na Allegiant 6/12/96 (www.allegian -t.com) -POP3 ? Mailcoach V1.0 srvr na http://www.multi.se/ymex/mailco -ach.htm 6/14/96 -IMAP4 WIN3/NT/95 JetMail clnt yes NetManage 7/29/96 -POP3 WIN3/NT/95 JetMail clnt yes NetManage 7/29/96 -POP3 NT Post.Office srvr na NetManage 8/22/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 SunOS Post.Office srvr na NetManage 8/22/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 Solaris Post.Office srvr na NetManage 8/22/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 Unix Z-Pop 1.0 srvr na NetManage 8/22/96 www.netmanage -.com -POP3 AppleShare FutureShare (fut) srvr na Apple 6/14/96 -POP? ? Applixware ? ? Applix 6/24/96 -POP3 Unix Mail*Hub srvr ? CDC 10/23/96 www.cdc.com -IMAP4 Unix Mail*Hub srvr ? CDC 10/23/96 www.cdc.com -POP? Unix TkRat clnt ? www.dtek.chalmers.se/~maf/ratat -osk 6/24/96 -IMAP? Unix TkRat clnt ? www.dtek.chalmers.se/~maf/ratat -osk 6/24/96 -IMAP? Unix Elm clnt ? ? 7/1/96 -POP3 WIN16/32 Virtual Access clnt yes www.ashmount.com 8/9/96 -POP3 ? pop-perl5 clnt ? ? 7/23/96 -POP3 WIN95 Agent clnt ? ? 7/23/96 -POP3 ? Mail eXtension 1.60 clnt ? Terckland 7/26/96 (ourworld.com -puserve.com/homepages/mailx) -POP3 WIN3/95/NT Emissary Office 1.1 clnt yes Attachmate 7/29/96 -POP3 WIN3/95 Pronto Mail 2.0 clnt yes CommTouch 7/29/96 -POP3 ? gcMail 081b (beta) clnt ? www.greencedars.com 8/9/96 -POP3r Java shareware Java cls clnt ? Koehn Consulting 8/2/96 -POP3 ? cucipop (future) srvr na cuci.nl 8/6/96 -POP3 MacOS QuickMail Pro clnt ? CE Software www.cesoft.com 12/1 -9/96 -POP3 ? QuickMail Pro (fut) clnt ? CE Software www.cesoft.com 8/9/ -96 -IMAP? ? QuickMail Pro (fut) clnt ? CE Software www.cesoft.com 8/9/ -96 -POP3 ? QuickMail POP (fut) clnt ? CE Software www.cesoft.com 8/9/ -96 -POP3 ? QM-Internet Gateway ? ? CE Software 6/24/96 -POP3 ? Lotus Notes 4.5 srv srvr ? Lotus 10/17/97 -POP3 Be BeMail clnt ? www.be.com 11/25/96 -POP3 NT Metainfo/Intergate srvr na ? 11/26/96 -POP3 Java Novita Mail clnt ? Novita Comm 12/10/96 -IMAP? Java Novita Mail clnt ? Novita Comm 12/10/96 -IMAP? Windows Winbox 3.1 Beta 1 clnt ? ftp.uv.es 12/13/96 -POP? Windows Winbox 3.1 Beta 1 clnt ? ftp.uv.es 12/13/96 -POP3 MacOS Bluto (future) clnt yes Bare Bones www.barebones.com 12 -/18/96 -POP3 WIN95/NT ExpressIT! 2000 clnt ? Infinite Technologies www.ihub. -com 1/14/97 -IMAP WIN95/NT ExpressIT! 2000 clnt ? Infinite Technologies www.ihub. -com 1/14/97 ------- ---------- ------------------- ---- ---- ------------------------------- - - - _________________________________________________________________ - -Some other packages for desktop systems - - ------- ---------- ------------------- ---- ---- ------------------------------- -? MS-DOSs CMM peer ? Cinetic Systems 1/25/94 -? MS-DOSs WinMail 1.1a peer ? Obsolete -SMTP MacOS LeeMail 1.2.4 peer ? Shareware, laf@mitre.org -SMTP MacOS LeeMail 2.0.2 (shw) peer ? chs.cusd.claremont.edu 10/12/93 -SMTP MS-DOSni ChameleonNFS peer ? NetManage 2/25/94 -SMTP MS-WINw ws_gmail peer ? buckshot.usma.edu 5/26/94 -uucp MacOS FernMail peer ? Shareware, dplatt@snulbug.mtvie -w.ca.us -prop MacOS MacPost both ? ftp.lu.se 10/19/93 -uucp MacOS Eudora >1.3.1 peer yes ftp.qualcomm.com 5/10/94 -MAPI WIN3/95/NT Eudora Pro ? clnt yes Qualcomm 7/29/96 -uucp MacOS UUPC peer ? dplatt@snulbug.mtview.ca.us -uucp MacOS gnuucp peer ? jim@fpr.com -uucp MS-DOS waffle peer ? ? dell@vox.darkside.com 10/24/9 -4 -uucp MS-DOS UUPC peer ? ? help@kew.com 10/24/94 -fshare MS-Windows Pegasus/Win 2.3 clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -fshare MS-Windows Pegasus/Win 2.2(r3) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -fshare MS-Windows Pegasus/Win 2.0(r1) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -fshare MS-DOS Pegasus/DOS 3.2(r2) clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -fshare MacOS Pegasus/MAC 2.1.2 clnt ? risc.ua.edu 6/6/96 -fshare MS-Windows Pegasus/Win 2.4.2 clnt ? risc.ua.edu 8/2/96 -fshare MS-DOS Pegasus/DOS 3.3.1 clnt ? risc.ua.edu 8/2/96 -SMTP MS-DOS Charon gway ? risc.ua.edu 10/15/93 -Waffle MS-WIN Boxer clnt ? ftp.halcyon.com 12/3/93 -? MS-? pcelm clnt ? simtel 12/3/93 -? MS-? elm-pc clnt ? lister.cc.ic.ac.uk 12/3/93 -SMTP MS-WINw Internt Ex for cc:m gway yes IMA 1/31/94 -SMTP Netware Mercury 1.11 gway ? risc.ua.edu 2/4/94 -? MacOS PowerMail clnt ? Apple 2/18/94 -SMTP OS/2 PC/TCP v1.3 peer ? FTP Software 2/18/94 -MAPI MS-DOS? Microsoft Mail clnt ? Microsoft 3/2/94 -? MacOS Microsoft Mail clnt ? Microsoft 3/15/94 -VIM DOSWINMac cc:mail clnt ? Lotus 3/15/94 -MHS/G DOSWINMac DaVinci eMAIL clnt ? On Technology 4/24/96 -P7uucp DOSWINMac OpenMail clnt ? HP 3/2/94 -? DOSWINMac WordPerfect Office clnt ? WordPerfect Corp. 3/15/94 -? DOSMac MailWorks clnt ? DEC 3/2/94 -MHS/G DOSWIN BeyondMail clnt yes Banyan (beyondmail.banyan.com) -2/6/96 -? DOSOS/2 Higgins Mail clnt ? Enable Software 1/26/95 -? MacOS QuickMail 3.6 clnt ? CE Software 6/6/96 -? DOS QuickMail 3.0 clnt ? CE Software 6/6/96 -? MS-WIN QuickMail 3.5 clnt ? CE Software 6/6/96 -? MacOS QuickMail 4.0 (fut) clnt ? CE Software 6/6/96 -? ? QuickMail ? clnt yes CE Software 7/15/96 -? MS-WIN Team clnt ? Futurus 1/26/95 -? DOSWIN ExpressIT! clnt ? Infinite Technologies 1/26/95 -MAPI WIN95/NT ExpressIT! 2000 clnt ? Infinite Technologies www.ihub. -com 1/14/97 -MHS WIN95/NT ExpressIT! 2000 clnt ? Infinite Technologies www.ihub. -com 1/14/97 -VIM WIN95/NT ExpressIT! 2000 clnt ? Infinite Technologies www.ihub. -com 1/14/97 -? ? GroupWise cnlt ? Novell 1/26/95 -? DOSWINMac Lotus Notes clnt ? Lotus 3/15/94 -FCP MacOS FirstClass 2.5 clnt no SoftArc 7/12/94 -FCP MS-WIN FirstClass 2.5 clnt no SoftArc 7/12/94 -FCP MacOS FirstClass 2.5 srvr no SoftArc 7/12/94 -MHS MacOS FirstClass/MHS gway no SoftArc 7/12/94 -UUCP MacOS FirstClass/UUCP gway no SoftArc 7/12/94 -MAPI MS-WINw Mail-IT 2 clnt yes mail-it@unipalm.co.uk 7/12/94 -MAPI ? ECSmail clnt ? ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -VIM ? ECSmail clnt ? ESYS Corp www.esys.ca 12/16/96 -MAPI MS-WIN SIMEON 4.1 clnt ? ESYS Corp 222.esys.ca 12/16/96 -MAPI WIN3/95/NT Z-Mail 4.0.1 clnt yes NetManage 8/22/96 www.netmanage -.com -MAPI MS-WIN Air Mail ? ? AIR Co. Ltd 10/7/94 -MAPIs MS-WIN Siren Mail ? ? Siren Software 12/28/95 -MAPIs WIN95 Siren Mail ? ? Siren Software 12/28/95 -MAPIs NTclient Siren Mail ? ? Siren Software 12/28/95 -SMTP MS-WINw Mail-IT 2 peer yes mail-it@unipalm.co.uk 7/12/94 -? MS-WINw Panda ? ? ftp.cica.indiana.edu 7/12/94 -PSS MS-Win pMail 3.0 clnt no CommTouch 9/27/94 -PSS MS-DOS pMail 3.0 clnt no CommTouch 9/27/94 -PROP MacOS BlitzMail clnt no ftp.dartmouth.edu 10/23/95 -PROP NeXT OS BlitzMail srvr no ftp.dartmouth.edu 10/23/95 -PROP DEC OSF/1 BlitzMail srvr no ftp.dartmouth.edu 10/23/95 -PROP AIX BlitzMail (in dev) srvr no ftp.dartmouth.edu 10/23/95 -PROP ? FreeMail ? ? whttp://www.montana.com/freemai -l 95/12/8 -PROP MacOS CommuniGate both ? Stalker 5/21/96 (www.stalker.co -m) -SMPT MacOS SMTPGate gway ? Stalker 3/25/96 (www.stalker.co -m) -UUCP MacOS UUCPGate gway ? Stalker 3/25/96 (www.stalker.co -m) -? MacOS Quarterdeck Mail both yes Starnine 6/11/96 (www.starnine. -com) -MAPI WIN3/NT/95 JetMail clnt yes NetManage 7/29/96 ------- ---------- ------------------- ---- ---- ------------------------------- - - - _________________________________________________________________ - -Key and Other Issues - - -(a) What are the common extensions to POP3 and which clients/servers - support them? -POP3k - Kerberos -POP3a - AFS Kerberos -POP3x - ? -POP3t - xtnd xmit facility--allows client to send mail through additional - POP commands, thus allowing server to verify/log source of mail. -POP3r - APOP -POP3m - ? -POP3u - with UIDL command. -(b) What DOS protocol stacks are supported? -MS-DOSm - Lan Manager -MS-DOSn - NDIS Drivers -MS-DOSl - Lan Workplace for Dos -MS-DOSs - Sun PCNFS -MS-DOSp - Packet Drivers -MS-DOSo - ODI Drivers -MS-DOSi - IPXLink -MS-DOSf - FTP Software PC/TCP -MS-DOSk - KA9Q I think -MS-WIN? - similar -MS-WINw - WinSock compliant -MS-WIN5 - Windows 95 -WIN3 - Windows 3.x winsock -WIN3/95/NT - Windows 3.x Winsock, Windows 95 and Windows NT -WIN3/95 - Windows 3.x Winsock and WIndows 95 -NetWare3 - NetWare 3.x -NetWare4 - NetWare 4.x -NetWare34 - NetWare 3.x and 4.x -(c) Other notes -IMAP1 - Original IMAP: I've heard that MacMS actually uses a unique - dialect of it. Definitely obselete, unsupported, discouraged. -IMAP2b - IMAP2bis: name applied to various improved versions of IMAP2. - This development effort culminated in IMAP4. -IMAP24 - IMAP2 or IMAP4 -fshare - uses file sharing. -IMAPb4 - IMAP2, IMAP2bis, or IMAP4. -IMAP41 - IMAP4rev1 -MAPI - Microsoft's Messaging API -MAPIs - Simple MAPI. -VIM - Lotus's Vendor Independent Messaging API -CMC - XAPIA's Common Message Calls API -AOCE - Apple Open Collaborative Environment -PROP - System-specific proprietary protocol -FCP - Softarc's proprietary client-server protocol. -Unix/X - X Windows based -Unix/XM - Motif based -Unix/XO - OpenWindows based -PSS - PROFS Screen Scraper -sumex-aim.stanford.edu* - almost dead as of 7/13/95, to be replaced by - info-mac.org. -Metamail - a package with which MIME messages can be processed from - basically any Unix-based mail client. -POPGate (Stalker Software) - gateway to/from Stalker's CommuniGate - system: enables both use of POP3 to get software from a POP3 server - for use within a CommuniGate community, and to allow POP3 clients to - retrieve mail from a CommuniGate server. -DigUNIX - Digital Unix -Solaris - Solaris 2.x -(d) IMAP/MAPI adaptors: -Wollongong's Pathway Access 7/12/94 -mail-it@unipalm.co.uk's Mail-IT 7/12/94 -(e) IMAP/POP3 adaptors: -Included with NCD Z-mail 4.0 for Windows 9/14/95 ------- ----------- ------------------- ------- ------------------------------- |